Answer:
What does she require from the food consumed and the air inhaled to successfully complete her run?
A. To support her jogging, Rosa needs food that is rich in carbohydrates (like bread). It is not advisable for her to consume protein-rich items just before exercise unless she is following a weight loss regimen.
B. To carry out aerobic respiration, Rosa requires oxygen, which is crucial for maximizing energy release (36 molecules produced per reaction). In contrast, anaerobic reactions produce lesser energy (2 ATP molecules per reaction) and are not ideal.
How do Rosa's body systems collaborate to transport the necessary molecules into her cells?
For her body cells to engage in aerobic respiration and release energy efficiently, they depend on carbohydrates (glucose) and oxygen. These molecules travel through diffusion into the bloodstream. While she jogs, the complex carbs in bread (like starch) break down into simpler glucose molecules, which then diffuse into the blood. Concurrently, increased oxygen is delivered to the cells through faster blood circulation, assisted by the rapid pumping action of the lungs and heart. This collective function ensures both glucose and oxygen are provided to cells, where they are utilized by mitochondria to create ATP energy molecules.
How do hair cells utilize these molecules for energy release allowing her to run?
Once glucose and oxygen enter the bloodstream, they are absorbed into cells, directed to mitochondria which convert them into energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondria are aptly referred to as the cell's powerhouse. Within each cell, energy release occurs in a sequence comprising glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In this process, glucose reacts with oxygen, ultimately creating 36 ATP molecules per reaction run, sufficient to meet high energy demands. During exercise, both oxygen and glucose are supplied more rapidly due to the accelerated activity of the lungs and heart.
PS: Anaerobic respiration is not able to meet higher energy demands as it yields only 2 ATP per reaction.
