The matching of conditions with each nation is as follows:
1. GERMANY: The economic burden of paying reparations to others.
2. JAPAN: Unsuccessful in acquiring promised territories after participation in World War I.
3. SPAIN: A government weakened by invasion and civil conflict.
4. ITALY: A climate of fear and confusion due to economic crises from 1928 to 1932.
5. SOVIET UNION: Paranoia regarding discontent threatening their power.
Leaders in Songhai adopted Islam, whereas those in Benin continued to practice their indigenous faith. The Kingdom of Benin, which is associated with Vodan or Voodoo, stands in contrast to the Kingdom of Songhai during the postclassical period.
Initially, Paine discussed how society and government are interconnected and suggested that a government’s effectiveness is determined by its capacity to safeguard the freedoms and properties of its citizens. He contended that the English constitution was inadequate in fulfilling this role. Following this, he criticized the idea of monarchy and succession by birthright, referencing the Bible to show divine disapproval of such systems. Paine asserted that America was capable of standing independently from England, remarking that after England's aggression towards its colonies, it had forfeited their allegiance. He believed American trade would thrive without England's assistance and proposed a system of representative democracy. Lastly, he commented on the military strength and potential of America. Upon its release, "Common Sense" gained remarkable acclaim, selling approximately 150,000 copies in 1776. George Washington mandated that the pamphlet be read to all his soldiers. As noted by historian Gordon S. Wood, "Common Sense" is regarded as "the most incendiary and popular pamphlet of the entire revolutionary era."
