Integrative—Determining relevant cash flows Lombard Company is contemplating the purchase of a new high-speed widget grinder to

Answer:

Income statement prepared under the absorption costing method

Sales 2,600,000

Less: Cost of Goods Sold

Beginning Inventory 0

Add: Cost of Goods Produced

Materials Used 1,218,000

Labor Costs 522,000

Variable Overhead 87,000

Fixed Overhead 130,500

Less: Ending Inventory (1,957,500/4,350)×350 (157,500)  1,800,000

Gross Profit 800,000

Less: Operating Costs:

Selling and Administrative Expenses:

Variable Sales/Administrative Costs (60,000)

Fixed Sales/Administrative Costs (25,000)

Net Profit 715,000

Explanation:

Product/Manufacturing Cost under Absorption Costing = Direct Materials + Direct Labor + Variable Overheads + Fixed Overheads

Period Cost under Absorption Costing  = All Non-Manufacturing Expenses

Solution

1.Hotel’s cost structure          Indications in percentage(%)

Revenue                                     $ 2,000,000                          (100)

Less: Variable expenses            $ 1,300,000                            65

                                                    --------------------

Contribution margin                       $700,000                            

Less: Fixed expenses                   $560,000                            28

                                                    ---------------------

Net income                                       $140,000                            7

2.Revenue declines by 30 percent

Revenue                                     $ 1,400,000                    

Less: Variable expenses               $910,000                                                                                    

                                                   ---------------------

Contribution margin                       $490,000                  

Less: Fixed expenses                   $392,000                          

                                                    ---------------------

Net income                                       $98,000          

3.Operating leverage factor when revenue is $2,000,000    

       Operating leverage =    Contribution/ Net income

4.Operating leverage factor when increase in revenue by 25 percent  

increase in revenue by 25 percent=

increase in contribution by 25 percent=

increase in net income by 25 percent  =                                                  

       Operating leverage =    Contribution/ Net income

Answer:

The question lacks completeness; the following addition would enhance it:

"If Realtors require a 5 percent commission on the sale price and every Realtor faces opportunity costs of $2,000 to negotiate a sale, will Carlos opt to hire a Realtor? If he does, how will the overall economic surplus change?"

The result is that the total economic surplus rose from $20,000 to $248,000.

Explanation:

It is essential to grasp the concepts of marginal cost, marginal benefit, and asymmetric information. Marginal cost refers to the additional cost incurred from utilizing one more unit of a resource, while marginal benefit signifies the advantage gained from that investment. Asymmetric information arises when one side in a transaction possesses more information than the other.

Carlos's reservation price stands at $130,000. He intends to sell for $140,000 to Whitney, whose reservation price is $150,000. Thus, Carlos enjoys a surplus of 140,000 - 130,000 = $10,000, and Whitney has a surplus of 150,000 - 140,000 = $10,000. Consequently, the total economic surplus amounts to $20,000.

Should Carlos enlist a realtor, who charges 5% if the property is sold for $300,000 to someone with a reservation price of $350,000, the surplus would be calculated as:

5% × 300,000 - 2000 = $13,000.

Here, the surplus equals 300,000 - 130,000 + 15,000 = $185,000.

Hence, the buyer's surplus is:

350,000 - 300,000 = $50,000.

Thus, the total economic surplus has increased from $20,000 to $248,000.