Answer:
The author aims to persuade readers to avoid dishonesty.
Clarification:
Levitt and Dubner, the authors of the influential book "Freakonomics," argue that students have always felt compelled to cheat to achieve better grades, which in turn can lead to improved social status. Additionally, teachers started to engage in cheating as they, too, faced pressures related to their students' performance, with their employment sometimes hinging on student success. For instance, in Chicago, a school was nearing closure due to poor grades, prompting teachers to resort to dishonest practices to retain their jobs. While this behavior did arise from incentives, Levitt and Dubner's findings suggest that only around 5% of teachers engage in cheating, with honesty prevailing among the majority. A similar trend is observed with sumo wrestlers, who often cheat in response to dissatisfaction with their low incomes.
Answer:
The correct option is D.
Explanation:
a secret meeting planned between two lovers.
A. The next to last sentence indicates that “...Susan and Claire felt that they wouldn’t perceive things similarly,” thus altering their viewpoints on how they will view situations differently from now on.
Which statement accurately reflects Zimbardo's view regarding the typical person's capacity for evil?
A. People are likely to refrain from wrongdoing if they attribute it to their societal context.
B. A person's potential for good or evil can be influenced by their social surroundings.
C. Conducting social experiments is essential to understand humanity's ability to commit evil.
D. Unethical actions can be legitimized if one is in a difficult social context.
Answer:
B. A person's potential for good or evil can be influenced by their social surroundings.
Explanation:
Through the Stanford prison experiment led by Philip Zimbardo, participants were placed in a setting where some had to perform as guards while others were prisoners.
The "prisoners" experienced humiliation and dehumanization from the "guards", who initially hesitated but gradually grew more comfortable with their maltreatment as time went on.
This experiment demonstrates that one's propensity for evil is heavily contingent on their social context.
