The total race time for a 100-meter dash can be considered the sum of two variables: the reaction time to the starting signal an

Answer:

(a) The athlete who finished first in the race had the quickest running time of 9.6 seconds

(b) There is a direct proportional relationship between reaction time and running time on average

(c) Long-term assumptions associated with least-squares regression

Limited efficacy in terms of sensitivity to outliers

Challenges in terms of extrapolating data characterizations

Explanation:

It is stated that

Total race time = Reaction time + Running Time

The winner is the athlete with the minimum total race time, which equates to the runner who has the lowest (Reaction time + Running Time)

Analyzing the scatter plot indicates that the winner corresponds to the lowest sum of x + y coordinates, placing the winner near the origin.

The three closest to the origin yielded the following x + y values:

0.135 + 9.7 = 9.835

0.145 + 9.7 = 9.845

0.153 + 9.6 = 9.753

Consequently, the athlete with the winning time was the one who achieved a running time of 9.6 seconds

(b) No, as a slight estimate indicates that an increase in running time correlates with an increase in reaction time

(c) Given a reaction time of 0.3 seconds is an outlier, employing a least-squares regression model may not be suitable due to the issues of extended range, limited sensitivity to outliers, and challenges in extrapolation characterization.