Answer:
Edmentum's sample answers
Explanation:
- Part A: The illustration of Archaea bacteria shown in the video indicated that this organism consists of one cell with a defined boundary. Scientists are aware that it reproduces by transferring genetic material, as evidenced by the presence of Archaea's genes in our modern DNA.
- Part B: Both cell types exhibited a distinct boundary. However, bacterial cells were shaped like rods, while human cells appeared round. Human cells contained a clearly defined nucleus along with other cellular structures. Conversely, bacteria had a darkened region at the center that did not constitute a true nucleus. Furthermore, bacteria are single-celled, whereas humans are multicellular organisms. Bacteria belong to the prokaryote category; human cells fall under the eukaryote classification.
- Part C: They thrive in extremely hot conditions, necessitating mechanisms to regulate their internal temperatures.
- Part D: Does the gene EEF1 ALPHA1 lend support to cell theory? Justify your answer
The EEF1 ALPHA1 gene does support cell theory, which asserts that all living organisms consist of cells. As all living beings carry this gene that traces back to an organism existing billions of years ago, it seems logical to conclude that life on Earth emerged from the earliest life forms. This perspective explains the universal cellular composition of all life forms on our planet.
Answer:
1.) Mitochondria produce energy via a sequence of chemical reactions where electrons are transferred along a membrane. "Maintaining some genes within mitochondria allows the cell to manage mitochondria independently," explains Johnston, as key proteins are synthesized there.
2.) The transition from DNA to protein happens through mRNA, involving transcription followed by translation, processes collectively referred to as gene expression.
Explanation:
Water Cycle:
1. Water is held in the soil.
2. It moves into the atmosphere via evaporation and transportation, returning to Earth through precipitation.
3. Runoff originates directly from precipitation, while infiltration occurs through the ground; in contrast, runoff does not penetrate the earth.
4. Ultimately, both groundwater and runoff typically flow back to the ocean.
5. Rising water levels, elevated temperatures, and increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are three potential impacts of global warming on the water cycle.
Carbon Cycle:
1. Carbon is vital as it serves as a fundamental component of life.
2. Its sources include trees, animals, grass, decomposition, combustion, and fossil fuels.
3. Plants receive carbon through the process of photosynthesis.
4. Carbon can enter the soil through the decomposition of organic matter. Aquatic plants thrive as they have abundant water but must also secure sufficient sunlight and air.
6. Animals access carbon by inhaling oxygen derived from plants.
7. Two methods through which carbon is reintroduced into aquatic environments from animals include cellular respiration and decomposition.
8. Combustion involves extracting fossil fuels and burning them, with the remainder released into the atmosphere, thus restarting the cycle.
9. Deforestation diminishes forests' ability to act as carbon sinks.
Nitrogen Cycle:
1. Nitrogen is essential for crop production and grazing for livestock.
2. It can be derived from lightning, a process called nitrogen fixation.
3. The sequence involves ammonification, followed by nitrification, and then to assimilation.
Phosphorus Cycle:
1. It is a component of life-supporting molecules like DNA and RNA.
2. Phosphorus does not exist in the atmosphere.
The correct choice is Letter B. evaporation > condensation > sublimation When water evaporates, it absorbs latent heat of evaporation.
When water vapor condenses into liquid, the latent heat of condensation is released to the surroundings; this released heat helps drive hurricanes.
