The independent variable in an experiment is the one that is deliberately modified or adjusted in order to observe its effects.
In this case, the varying amounts of caffeine administered to the dogs are the factor that changes—the control group receives no caffeine, the second group gets 10 mg of caffeine, while the third group gets 50 mg of caffeine each.
Thus, the amount of caffeine given to the dogs is the independent variable being altered.
The OCCIPITAL LOBES of the CEREBRAL CORTEX play a crucial role in identifying fundamental elements of the visual environment. Known also as the visual cortex, these lobes are positioned at the rear of the skull.
