Every cell is encased in a protective layer referred to as the cell membrane. In plants, an additional barrier known as the cell wall offers further protection. All organelles found within cells are enclosed structures.
Cell membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer featuring both extrinsic and intrinsic proteins. Studies of the plasma membrane structure revealed that the protein patterns of MITOCHONDRIA and CHLOROPLAST are most akin to that of the cell membrane.
Streptomycin, which is derived from certain bacteria and fungi, is utilized to combat bacterial infections (prokaryotic), including tuberculosis and mycobacterial infections. This antibiotic disrupts protein synthesis in prokaryotes as it impacts the operation of 70S ribosomes, which are essential for the production of proteins. It has no effect on eukaryotic cells since it does not attach to their ribosomes, hence leaving their protein synthesis unaffected.
