Explain how Levitt and Dubner’s argument effectively uses logical, concrete evidence to arrive at conclusions about morality. Ad

Answer:

In her introduction, Jahren makes rhetorical remarks regarding the significance of flora and her reluctance to study marine environments despite being in Hawaii.

She further discusses the various life forms present both on land and in aquatic settings, asserting that terrestrial life forms surpass those in water. The biologist feels that humans often overlook the vital role that trees and plants play in our ecosystems. She believes that while people coexist with plants, they often fail to recognize their existence.

Jahren poses a rhetorical question, urging her audience to observe what lies outside their windows.

Are they seeing plants? Or do they instead observe skyscrapers, structures, factories, and so forth? She posits that individuals often focus on artificial constructs at the expense of recognizing flora.

The biologist is apprehensive about the annual rate of deforestation without adequate replanting efforts. She approximates that over the last decade, around five billion trees have been removed, which she likens to the land area of France.

She emphasizes the urgency of her message by highlighting that every decade, the equivalent of one France is lost, with an estimated one trillion trees having been permanently eradicated due to significant logging activities.

Explanation:

A rhetorical question serves to elicit thought rather than requiring a direct response, enhancing dramatic effect.

Lines 22-23

<span>Thy image. Earth, that nourished thee, shall claim
Thy growth, to be resolved to earth again,</span>

<span>Wow. No cremation. So, what happens to our "image" upon death if it's not sinking in the sea or buried in the ground? It returns to the Earth. <span>It was "nourishment" from the Earth that allowed our body to grow, and now our body will be transformed ("resolved") back into the earth. This mirrors the well-known saying – "Ashes to ashes, dust to dust."</span></span>Lines 24-25

<span>And, lost each human trace, surrendering up
Thine individual being, shalt thou go</span>

<span>According to this poem's perspective, upon death, we lose our humanity ("each human trace"). We relinquish our "individual being." Essentially, after you pass away, you cease to be the person you once were.</span>Lines 26-27

<span>To mix for ever with the elements,
To be a brother to the insensible rock</span>

<span>The speaker fondly embraces the thought of reverting to the Earth, elaborating further. He tells us our bodies will "mix […] with the elements." After we die, we will be no different than an "insensible rock." The term insensible indicates "unable to feel." Hence, all the sensations and emotions that defined our humanity will disappear, leaving us akin to rocks.</span><span>Lines 28-29
</span>

<span>And to the sluggish clod, which the rude swain
Turns with his share, and treads upon. The oak</span>

<span>To emphasize the point, the poem reiterates it with some elaborate vocabulary. The speaker conveys that after death, we will resemble a "sluggish clod." A "clod" refers to a lump of earth, while "sluggish" indicates how lifeless and heavy we will become. The speaker illustrates the image of our bodies turning into dirt and describes a country boy (a "swain" – a typical character in nature poetry) digging up the clod ("share") with his plow and walking ("treads") all over it. This emphasizes the degradation we will face in death. Even the swains would walk over us. Charming, right? I can imagine that wouldn't be comforting at all. Hey, Mr. Speaker, you're going to need to try a bit harder.</span>Line 30

Shall send his roots abroad, and pierce thy mould.

<span>Our deceased bodies will nourish oak trees as they extend their roots through the earth. Those roots will penetrate the "mould" (soil) of our remains. <span>This last visual is striking – somewhat violent, yet also somewhat beautiful. Bodies merging with trees? Well, it could be worse.</span></span>

I think the answer is B.

Its nature mimics the way the speaker meanders. It establishes a bond between the speaker and the reader. It contributes to a relaxed and informal tone. It also aids the speaker in achieving a philosophical and unique expression, demonstrating a connection to humanity as a whole.