The potato does not increase in size because it is only a segment of the plant. Water absorbed from the soil is taken up by the roots and transported to other parts like leaves, but the potato itself does not directly absorb water from the soil.
To fix a thymine dimer via nucleotide excision repair, the sequence of enzyme activity is Endonuclease, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase. Two primary methods exist for repairing thymine dimers; one is photoreactivation, where an enzyme activated by blue light repairs the dimer, thus restoring the proper base pairing. The alternative method is excision repair, involving the uvr system that removes the dimer, with the gap filled by DNA polymerase I's proofreading capability.
Lycopodium is part of a group of plants known as fern allies. They are primarily non-flowering plants characterized by their extensively branched structure, featuring small and simple, needle-like leaves that densely cover the branches and stem. In contrast, Equisetum, commonly referred to as horsetail or snake grass, resembles a horse's tail and is the sole surviving genus within the Equisetaceae family, known for vascular plants that reproduce using spores instead of seeds.
