Consider an electron with charge −e and mass m orbiting in a circle around a hydrogen nucleus (a single proton) with charge +e.

For motion in a circle.

Centripetal acceleration is calculated as mv²/r = mω²r

where v represents linear velocity, r equals radius which is diameter/2 equating to 1/2 or 0.5m

. Here, m is the mass of the object, which is 175g or 0.175kg.

The angular speed, ω, is derived from Angle covered / time

                         = 2 revolutions per 1 second

                         = 2 * 2π  radians for each second

                         = 4π  radians per second

Thus, Centripetal Acceleration = mω²r = 0.175*(4π)² * 0.5. Utilize a calculator

                                                         ≈13.817  m/s²

. The acceleration's magnitude is approximately 13.817  m/s² and it is oriented towards the center of the circular path.

The tension in the string equates to m*a

                                   = 0.175*13.817

                                   = 2.418 N

The average acceleration is

Response:

(e) thermal expansion

Clarification:

The density, heat of fusion, and melting temperature of a metal are critical factors to consider when increasing its temperature from room temperature to its melting point. These will dictate the following aspects:

Density: refers to the ratio between a body's mass and the space it occupies in the universe.

Heat of fusion: The enthalpy of fusion or heat of fusion signifies the amount of energy required to cause a mole of an element at its melting point to transition from solid to liquid state, under constant pressure.

Melting temperature is defined as the thermal level at which the phase change from solid to liquid takes place under standard atmospheric pressure.

On the other hand, the dilution of metals only influences the volume they will occupy without affecting the heating process