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makkiz
11 days ago
8

For a given initial projectile speed Vo, calculate what launch angle A gives the longest range R. Show your work, don't just quo

te a number.
Physics
1 answer:
ValentinkaMS [3.4K]11 days ago
4 0
The ideal launch angle of 45° for achieving the greatest horizontal distance is only applicable when the starting height matches the final height. 

<span>In this scenario, you can demonstrate it as follows: </span>

<span>the initial velocity is Vo </span>
<span>the launch angle is α </span>

<span>the initial vertical velocity is </span>
<span>Vv = Vo×sin(α) </span>

<span>horizontal velocity becomes </span>
<span>Vh = Vo×cos(α) </span>

<span>the total flight duration is the period required to return to a height of 0 m, thus </span>
<span>d = v×t + a×t²/2 </span>
<span>where </span>
<span>d = distance = 0 m </span>
<span>v = initial vertical velocity = Vv = Vo×sin(α) </span>
<span>t = time =? </span>
<span>a = gravitational acceleration = g (= -9.8 m/s²) </span>
<span>therefore </span>
<span>0 = Vo×sin(α)×t + g×t²/2 </span>
<span>0 = (Vo×sin(α) + g×t/2)×t </span>
<span>t = 0 (obviously, the projectile is at height 0 m at time = 0s) </span>
<span>or </span>
<span>Vo×sin(α) + g×t/2 = 0 </span>
<span>t = -2×Vo×sin(α)/g </span>

<span>Now let's examine the horizontal distance. </span>
<span>r = v × t </span>
<span>where </span>
<span>r = horizontal range =? </span>
<span>v = horizontal velocity = Vh = Vo×cos(α) </span>
<span>t = time = -2×Vo×sin(α)/g </span>
<span>therefore </span>
<span>r = (Vo×cos(α)) × (-2×Vo×sin(α)/g) </span>
<span>r = -(Vo)²×sin(2α)/g </span>

<span>To find the extreme points of r (max or min) with respect to α, the first derivative of r with regards to α must be determined and set to 0. </span>

<span>dr/dα = d[-(Vo)²×sin(2α)/g] / dα </span>
<span>dr/dα = -(Vo)²/g × d[sin(2α)] / dα </span>
<span>dr/dα = -(Vo)²/g × cos(2α) × d(2α) / dα </span>
<span>dr/dα = -2 × (Vo)² × cos(2α) / g </span>

<span>As Vo and g are constants that are not equal to 0, the only solution for dr/dα to equal 0 is when </span>
<span>cos(2α) = 0 </span>
<span>2α = 90° </span>
<span>α = 45° </span>
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In the query, it is stated that

  The intensity of the uniform electric field equals E = 950 \ N/C

     The distance the electron covers is  x = 2.50 \ m

Typically, the force exerted on this electron is expressed mathematically as

     F = qE

Where F signifies the force and  q represents the charge of the electron, which is a fixed value of q = 1.60*10^{-19} \ C

    Thus  

      F = 950 * 1.60 **10^{-19}

      F = 1.52 *10^{-16} \ N

Generally, the work-energy theorem is mathematically framed as

          W = \Delta KE

Where W denotes the work done on the electron by the electric field and  \Delta KE  is the change in kinetic energy

Additionally, work done on the electron can also be described as

        W = F* x *cos( \theta )

Where  \theta = 0 ^o assuming that the electron's movement aligns with the x-axis  

        So

             \Delta KE = F * x cos (0)

Inserting values

         \Delta KE = 1.52 *10^{-16} * 2.50 cos (0)

          \Delta KE = 3.8*10^{-16} J

According to the conservation of energy

       \Delta PE = - \Delta KE

Where \Delta PE signifies the change  in  potential energy  

Thus  

        \Delta PE = - 3.8*10^{-16} \ J

               

7 0
27 days ago
1. Use Coulomb’s Law (equation below) to calculate the approximate force felt by an electron at point A in the schematic below.
Keith_Richards [3271]

Answer:

Explanation:

The data indicates that point A is located midway between two charges.

To calculate the electric field at point A, we begin with the field produced by charge -Q ( 6e⁻ ) at A:

= 9 x 10⁹ x 6 x 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ / (2.5)² x 10⁻⁴

= 13.82 x 10⁻⁶ N/C

This field points towards Q⁻.

A similar field will arise from the charge Q⁺, but it will direct away from Q⁺ toward Q⁻.

To find the resultant field, we add these contributions:

= 2 x 13.82 x 10⁻⁶

= 27.64 x 10⁻⁶ N/C

For the force acting on an electron placed at A:

= charge x field

= 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ x 27.64 x 10⁻⁶

= 44.22 x 10⁻²⁵ N

8 0
1 month ago
What is the sources of error and suggestion on how to overcome it in the hooke's law experiment?
Yuliya22 [3333]
In the study of physics, Hooke's law can be expressed as:

F = kx

This law indicates that the spring force F is proportional to the extension x, with k being the spring constant.

In experiments, this is often examined using the setup illustrated in the included figure. The spring is tested, and a known weight is applied underneath it. This weight exerts a gravitational pull, essentially its weight, on the spring. While the spring elongates, the displacement can be measured using a ruler.

Several potential errors can arise during this experiment. Firstly, the person's measurement reading may be faulty. Digital scales offer greater accuracy as they reduce human error, while ruler readings can be subjective, especially if not viewed at eye level. Additionally, the object's weight may be inaccurately measured if the scale is untrustworthy. Lastly, the measuring equipment may not be correctly calibrated.

6 0
1 month ago
A circular surface with a radius of 0.057 m is exposed to a uniform external electric field of magnitude 1.44 × 104 N/C. The mag
Softa [3030]

Answer:

57.94°

Explanation:

We understand that the formula for flux is

\Phi =E\times S\times COS\Theta

where Ф represents flux

           E indicates electric field

           S denotes surface area

        θ signifies the angle between the electric field direction and the surface normal.

It is given that Ф= 78 \frac{Nm^{2}}{sec}

                          E=1.44\times 10^{4}\frac{Nm}{C}

                          S=\pi \times 0.057^{2}

                         COS\Theta =\frac{\Phi }{S\times E}

 =   \frac{78}{1.44\times 10^{4}\times \pi \times 0.057^{2}}

 =0.5306

 θ=57.94°

4 0
1 month ago
A policeman in a stationary car measures the speed of approaching cars by means of an ultrasonic device that emits a sound with
Ostrovityanka [3204]

Answer:

The beats frequency measures approximately

4.4 kHz

Explanation:

The beat frequency arises from the original ultrasound frequency, f=41.2 kHz, and the frequency of the sound reflected off the car, f':

f_B = f'-f (1)

To calculate the frequency of the reflected sound, we apply the Doppler effect formula:

f'=\frac{v}{v-v_s}f

where

v = 340 m/s, the speed of sound

v_s =33.0 m/sis the velocity of the car

f=41.2 kHzis the frequency of the sound emitted

By substituting values,

f'=\frac{340 m/s}{340 m/s-33.0 m/s}(41.2 kHz)=45.6 kHz

Thus, the beat frequency (1) is

f_B = 45.6 kHz - 41.2 kHz=4.4 kHz

3 0
1 month ago
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