In general, the presence of atoms of what element(s) makes a molecule polar

Answer:

The temperature of the gas rises.

Explanation:

This is classified as an ISOCHORIC process where the volume remains unchanged. There is no work done by the system.

The gas only receives internal energy from the heat transferred to it from the surroundings.

In this situation, the pressure also increases.

Answer:

15.71g

Explanation:

The combustion equation that applies to hydrocarbons is

CxHy + (x+y/4) O2 = xCO2 + (y/2) H2O

In the case of octane, C8H18:

C8H18 + ( 8 + 18/4 ) O2 = 8CO2 + 9H2O

C8H18 + 50/4 O2 = 8CO2 + 9H2O

C8H18 + 25/2 O2 = 8CO2 + 9H2O

2C8H18 + 25 O2 = 16 CO2 + 18H2O (this is the balanced equation)

From this balanced reaction,

2 x 22.4 L of octane generates 16 [ 12 + (16 x 2)] of carbon dioxide

That means,

44.8 L of octane generates 704g of carbon dioxide

Thus, for 1L of octane, it produces 1 L x 704g/44.8 L = 15.71g of carbon dioxide

Consequently, 15.71g of carbon dioxide is produced from the complete combustion of 1 L of octane.

Answer:

C a B r 2 ( a q ) + N a 2 S O 4 ( a q ) ⟶ 2 N a B r ( a q ) + C a S O 4 ( s )

Explanation:

A precipitation reaction involves a displacement process where a solid precipitate forms. This precipitate, being solid, is distinct from the other products and can be separated.

C a 2 + ( a q ) + S O 4 2 − ( a q ) ⟶ C a S O 4 ( s )

This equation is incorrect as it results in only C a S O 4.

C a B r 2 ( a q ) + N a 2 S O 4 ( a q ) ⟶ 2 N a B r ( a q ) + C a S O 4 ( s )

This is the proper reaction where C a S O 4 precipitate is produced.

C a 2 + ( a q ) + 2 B r − ( a q ) + 2 N a + ( a q ) + S O 4 2 − ( a q ) ⟶ 2 N a + ( a q ) + 2 B r − ( a q ) + C a S O 4 ( s )

This equation illustrates the ionic details of the precipitation reaction.