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2 months ago

Find c1 and c2 such that M2+c1M+c2I2=0, where I2 is the identity 2×2 matrix and 0 is the zero matrix of appropriate dimension.

Mathematics

1 answer:

Inessa [12.5K]2 months ago

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The question lacks details. Below is the complete version provided.

Let M = $\left[\begin{array}{cc}6&5\\-1&-4\end{array}\right]$ . Find $c_{1}$ and $c_{2}$ such that $M^{2}+c_{1}M+c_{2}I_{2}=0$ , where $I_{2}$ is the identity 2x2 matrix and 0 is the zero matrix of the appropriate dimension.

Answer: $c_{1} = \frac{-16}{10}$

$c_{2}=\frac{-214}{10}$

Step-by-step explanation: The identity matrix is a square matrix with 1's along its main diagonal and 0's elsewhere. For example, a 2x2 identity matrix is:

$\left[\begin{array}{cc}1&0\\0&1\end{array}\right]$

$M^{2} = \left[\begin{array}{cc}6&5\\-1&-4\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{cc}6&5\\-1&-4\end{array}\right]$

$M^{2}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}31&10\\-2&15\end{array}\right]$

When solving the equation:

$\left[\begin{array}{cc}31&10\\-2&15\end{array}\right]+c_{1}\left[\begin{array}{cc}6&5\\-1&-4\end{array}\right] +c_{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}1&0\\0&1\end{array}\right] =\left[\begin{array}{cc}0&0\\0&0\end{array}\right]$

The multiplication of a matrix by a scalar results in each term being scaled by that scalar. Matrices of different sizes cannot be combined.

So, we structure the equation as follows:

$\left[\begin{array}{cc}31&10\\-2&15\end{array}\right]+\left[\begin{array}{cc}6c_{1}&5c_{1}\\-1c_{1}&-4c_{1}\end{array}\right] +\left[\begin{array}{cc}c_{2}&0\\0&c_{2}\end{array}\right] =\left[\begin{array}{cc}0&0\\0&0\end{array}\right]$

And the system of equations can be written as:

$6c_{1}+c_{2} = -31\\-4c_{1}+c_{2} = -15$

Various methods are available to solve this system. One way is to multiply the second equation by -1 and then add the equations together:

$6c_{1}+c_{2} = -31\\(-1)*-4c_{1}+c_{2} = -15*(-1)$

$6c_{1}+c_{2} = -31\\4c_{1}-c_{2} = 15$

$10c_{1} = -16$

$c_{1} = \frac{-16}{10}$ Following this, substitute variables back into one of the equations to find $c_{2}$ :

$6c_{1}+c_{2}=-31$

$c_{2}=-31-6(\frac{-16}{10} )$

$c_{2}=-31+(\frac{96}{10} )$

$c_{2}=\frac{-310+96}{10}$

$c_{2}=\frac{-214}{10}$

For the equation, $c_{1} = \frac{-16}{10}$ and $c_{2}=\frac{-214}{10}$

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Step-by-step explanation:

1) Provided data and references

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$\alpha$ defines the significance level for the test.

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Part a

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Alternative hypothesis: $\mu < 10$

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