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amm1812
10 days ago
12

A pressurized 2-m-diameter tank of water has a 10-cm-diameter orifice at the bottom where water discharges to the atmosphere. Th

e water level initially is 3 m above the outlet. The tank air pressure above the water level is maintained at 450 kPa absolute and the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa Neglecting frictional effects, determine: (a) how long it will take for half of the water in the tank to be discharged; (b) the water level in the tank after 10 s
Engineering
1 answer:
grin007 [323]10 days ago
5 0

Answer:

A fluid is a material that maintains continuous and permanent deformity when a shearing stress is applied.

• The pressure at a given point in a fluid remains unaffected by the direction of the surface that intersects this point; this pressure is isotropic.

• The force generated by pressure p acting on one side of a minimal surface area dA defined by a unit normal vector n can be expressed as −pndA.

• The speed at which pressure is conveyed through a fluid matches the speed of sound.

• The units employed vary based on the selected system, incorporating measures such as feet, seconds, newtons, and pascals. On the other hand, a dimension refers to a more abstract idea, encompassing terms like mass, length, and time.

• The specific gravity (SG) of a solid or liquid is the proportion of its density compared to that of water at the identical temperature.

• A Newtonian fluid is characterized by the viscous stress being directly proportional to the strain rate (velocity gradient). The viscosity, µ, is a property of the fluid that varies with temperature.

• At the boundary between solid and fluid, the velocities of both the fluid and solid coincide; this situation is referred to as the “no-slip condition.” Consequently, with high Reynolds numbers (>> 1), boundary layers develop near the solid surface. In those layers, significant velocity gradients occur, resulting in crucial viscous influences.

• At the junction of two distinct fluids, surface tension may play a significant role. Surface tension leads to the emergence of phenomena like meniscus, drops, bubbles, and capillary rise seen in narrow tubes since it can counterbalance pressure variations across the interface.

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An AM radio transmitter operating at 3.9 MHz is modulated by frequencies up to 4 kHz. What are the maximum upper and lower side
Mrrafil [318]

Answer:

Total bandwidth: 8 kHz

Explanation:

Data provided:

Transmitter frequency: 3.9 MHz

Modulation up to: 4 kHz

Solution:

For the upper side frequencies:

Upper side frequencies = 3.9 × 10^{6} + 4 × 10³

Upper side frequencies = 3.904 MHz

For the lower side frequencies:

Lower side frequencies = 3.9 × 10^{6} - 4 × 10³

Lower side frequencies = 3.896 MHz

Consequently, the total bandwidth is computed as:

Total bandwidth = upper side frequencies - lower side frequencies

Total bandwidth = 8 kHz

6 0
1 month ago
The rigid beam is supported by a pin at C and an A992 steel guy wire AB of length 6 ft. If the wire has a diameter of 0.2 in., d
Mrrafil [318]

Answer:

Change in length = 0.0913 in

Explanation:

Given data:

Length = 6 ft

Diameter = 0.2 in

Load w = 200 lb/ft

Solution:

We start by applying the equilibrium moment about point C, expressed as

∑M(c) = 0.............1

This can be used to find the force in AB.

10× 200 × ( 5) - (T cos(30)) × 10 = 0

Solving gives us

Tension in wire T(AB) = 1154.7 lb

We also know the modulus of elasticity for A992 is

E = 29000 ksi

And the area will be

Area = \frac{\pi }{4}\times 0.2^2

The change in length is expressed as

Change in length = \frac{PL}{AE}.........2

Substituting values results in

Change in length = \frac{1154.7 \times 6 \times 12}{\frac{\pi }{4}\times 0.2^2 \times 29000 \times 1000}

Change in length = 0.0913 in

8 0
1 month ago
The rate of flow of water in a pump installation is 60.6 kg/s. The intake static gage is 1.22 m below the pump centreline and re
mote1985 [299]

Answer:

The power of the pump is 23.09 kW.

Explanation:

Parameters

gravitational constant, g = 9.81 m/s^2

mass flow rate, \dot{m} = 60.6 kg/s

flow density, \rho = 1000 kg/m^3

efficiency of the pump, \eta = 0.74

output gauge pressure, p_o = 344.75 kPa

input gauge pressure, p_i = 68.95 kPa

cross-sectional area of output pipe, A_o = 0.069 m^2

cross-sectional area of input pipe, A_i = 0.093 m^2

height of discharge, z_o = 1.22 m - 0.61 m = 0.61 m (evaluated at pump’s maximum height of 1.22 m)

input height, z_i = 0 m

hydraulic power of the pump,P =? kW

Initially, the volumetric flow (Q) needs to be determined

Q = \frac{\dot{m}}{\rho}

Q = \frac{60.6 kg/s}{1000 kg/m^3}

Q = 0.0606 m^3/s

Next, compute the velocity (v) for both input and output

v_o = \frac{Q}{A_o}

v_o = \frac{0.0606 m^3/s}{0.069 m^2}

v_o = 0.88 m/s

v_i = \frac{Q}{A_i}

v_i = \frac{0.0606 m^3/s}{0.093 m^2}

v_i = 0.65 m/s

Subsequently, the total head (H) can be calculated

H = (z_o - z_i) + \frac{v_o^2 - v_i^2}{2 \, g} + \frac{p_o - p_i}{\rho \, g}

H = (0.61 m - 0 m) + \frac{{0.88 m/s}^2 - {0.65 m/s}^2}{2 \, 9.81 m/s^2} + \frac{(344.75 Pa-68.95 Pa)\times 10^3}{1000 kg/m^3 \, 9.81 m/s^2}

H = 28.74m

Finally, the computation of pump power is done as follows

P = \frac{Q \, \rho \, g \, H}{\eta}

P = \frac{0.0606 m^3/s \, 1000 kg/m^3 \, 9.81 m/s^2 \, 28.74m}{0.74}

P = 23.09 kW

6 0
1 month ago
The Machine Shop has received an order to turn three alloy steel cylinders. Starting diameter = 250 mm and length = 625 mm. Feed
alex41 [359]

Response:

The cutting speed is calculated at 365.71 m/min

Clarification:

Given parameters include

diameter D = 250 mm

length L = 625 mm

Feed f = 0.30 mm/rev

cut depth = 2.5 mm

n = 0.25

C = 700

To find

the cutting speed that ensures the tool life coincides with the cutting time for the three parts

The formula for cutting time is given as

Tc =

....................1

where D refers to diameter, L refers to length and f refers to feed while V represents speed \frac{\pi DL}{1000*f*V}

Thus, we derive

Tc = \frac{\pi (250)*625}{1000*0.3*V}

Tc = \frac{1636.25}{V}

Given the tool life is expressed as

T = 3 × Tc............................2

where T denotes tool life and Tc is the cutting duration

Calculating tool life by substituting values into equation 2 yields

T = 3 × \frac{1636.25}{V}

According to the Taylor tool formula, cutting speed is expressed as

VT^{0.25} = 700

 × V × 8.37 = 700

This yields V = 365.71

Thus, the cutting speed calculates to 365.71 m/min

5 0
1 month ago
1. Mark ‘N’ if a wrong type of units is used. Mark ‘Y’ otherwise. (1 point each)
pantera1 [306]

Response:

bsbsdbsd

Clarification:

7 0
1 month ago
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