A liquid food with 12% total solids is being heated by steam injection using steam at a pressure of 232.1 kPa (Fig. E3.3). The p
1 answer:
Answer:
Explanation:
A liquid food containing 12% total solids is heated via steam injection at a pressure of 232.1 kPa (see Fig. E3.3). The product starts at a temperature of 50°C and has a flow rate of 100 kg/min, being elevated to a temperature of 120°C. The specific heat of the product varies with its composition as follows:
and the
specific heat of the product at 12% total solids is 3.936 kJ/(kg°C). The goal is to calculate the quantity and minimum quality of steam required to ensure that the leaving product has 10% total solids.
Given
Product total solids in () = 0.12
Product mass flow rate () = 100 kg/min
Product total solids out () = 0.1
Product temperature in () = 50°C
Product temperature out () = 120°C
Steam pressure = 232.1 kPa at () = 125°C
Product specific heat in () = 3.936 kJ/(kg°C)
The mass equation is:
Also
Therefore:
The energy balance equation is:
kJ/(kg°C)
By substituting values into the energy equation:
From the properties of saturated steam at 232.1 kPa,
= 524.99 kJ/kg
= 2713.5 kJ/kg
% quality =
Any steam quality above 63.5% will result in higher total solids in the heated product.
You might be interested in
Response:
The cutting speed is calculated at 365.71 m/min
Clarification:
Given parameters include
diameter D = 250 mm
length L = 625 mm
Feed f = 0.30 mm/rev
cut depth = 2.5 mm
n = 0.25
C = 700
To find
the cutting speed that ensures the tool life coincides with the cutting time for the three parts
The formula for cutting time is given as
Tc =
....................1where D refers to diameter, L refers to length and f refers to feed while V represents speed
Tc =
Tc =
Given the tool life is expressed as
T = 3 × Tc............................2
where T denotes tool life and Tc is the cutting duration
Calculating tool life by substituting values into equation 2 yields
T = 3 ×
This yields V = 365.71
Thus, the cutting speed calculates to 365.71 m/min
Answer:
The calculated result is 11.7 ft
Explanation:
You can apply the combined gas law, which incorporates Boyle's law, Charles's law, and Gay-Lussac's Law, because hydrogen demonstrates ideal gas behavior under these specific conditions.
where the subscripts indicate "p" for pressure, "V" for volume, and "T" for temperature (in Kelvin) at varying moments. Let's denote as the balloon at 150,000 ft so
and .
Then represents the point at which the balloon is on the ground.
and
.
Based on the first equation
, we find
and consequently the radius turns out to be
.