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OlgaM077
22 days ago
14

Complete the formal proof of (~Q→~R)v(R&~Q) from no premises. The empty premise line is not numbered. Hint: there are longer

ways of doing the proof that require the 5-step plan in the middle somewhere, but we require to you find the shortcuts and do it in 11 lines.
Use -> for arrow, # for contradiction; justify subproof assumptions with Assume; always drop outer parentheses; no spaces in PROP.
Mathematics
1 answer:
tester [12.3K]22 days ago
8 0

Answer:

Step-by-step breakdown:

You may consider a structure like the following while keeping in mind your specific notation.

1. | ~( (~Q ->~R) v (R & ~Q) ) Assume

2. | |  ~(~Q ->~R) Assume

3. | | |  ~(R & ~Q) Assume

4. | | |  ~R v Q    3, De Morgan

5. | | |  ~Q -> ~R 4 Material implication

6. | | |  # 2, 5 Results in a contradiction

7. | | R & ~Q 3-6 indirect proof outcome

8. | ~(~Q ->~R) ->   (R & ~Q ) 2-7 Discharging the conditional proof

9. | (~Q ->~R) v (R & ~Q) 8 Material implication derived

10 | # 1,9 Results in contradiction    

11.  (~Q ->~R) v (R & ~Q) 1-10 Completion via indirect proof

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A grocery store receives deliveries of corn from two farms, one in Iowa and the other in Ohio. Both farms produce ears of corn w
Zina [12379]

Answer:

The number of standard deviations above the mean is z_o   = 1.4607

Step-by-step explanation:

The question indicates that:

   The average weight of the corn ears from each farm is \mu=1.26

   The standard deviation for the corn ears from Iowa is \sigma_1

   The standard deviation for the corn ears from Ohio is

     \sigma_2= 0.01 + \sigma_1

     

  A randomly chosen ear of corn from Iowa weighs  x =  1.39 pounds

  The standardized score is  z = 1.645

  The weight of a randomly chosen ear of corn from Ohio measures  x_1 =  1.39\ pound

In general, the standardized score of corn weight from Iowa can be mathematically defined as:

        z  =  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{\sigma_1 }

=>     1.645 =  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{\sigma_1 }  

=>      \sigma_1 =  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{ 1.64 5}  

=>      \sigma_1  =   0.0790  

Conversely, the standardized score of corn weight from Ohio is expressed as:

         z_o  =  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{\sigma_2 }

=>     z_o=  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{0.01 + \sigma_1 }  

=>      z_o =  \frac{ 1.39 -  1.26 }{  0.089}  

=>      z_o   = 1.4607

A positive value indicates this quantity represents the number of standard deviations above the mean.

4 0
1 month ago
At 7:00 A.M., Alicia pours a cup of tea whose temperature is 200°F. The tea starts to cool to room temperature (72°F). At 7:02 A
zzz [12365]

Response:

Part A

The best choice is;

b. y = 128(0.989)x + 72

Part B

Ella can consume the tea post 7:22

Detailed clarification:

Here, we observe the temperature variation with time represented in an exponential equation as follows;

Let the temperature at time x (measured in minutes) be y

Thus, y = a × mˣ + b

Where:

b = Curve shift or the limiting value of the decreasing exponential function as x → ∞

When y = 200, x = 0

This leads to 200 = a × m⁰ + c = a + c

Here, c represents the graph's shift, which is the temperature increase = final temperature = 72°F

Thus, a = 200 - 72 = 128°F

When y = 197, at x = 2 minutes

Thus, 197 = 128·m² + 72 =

m² = (197 - 72)/128 = 125/128

m = √(125/128) = 0.98821

Therefore, the exponential cooling equation is given by;

y = 128 × (0.98821)ˣ + 72

Hence the best choice is b. y = 128(0.989)x + 72

Part B

When the tea's temperature reaches 172°F, we have;

172 = 128 × (0.989)ˣ + 72

Thus, (0.989)ˣ = (172 - 72)/128 = 100/128 = 25/32

log(0.989)ˣ = log(25/32)

x·log(0.989) = log(25/32)

x = log(25/32)/log(0.989) = 22.32 minutes

Thus, Ella can consume the tea post 7:22.

6 0
28 days ago
Fredric worked 46 hours last week. his hourly rate is $8.50. What was his gross pay?
lawyer [12517]

Answer:

$391

Step-by-step explanation:

4 0
18 days ago
Read 2 more answers
James has a desk job and would like to become more fit, so he purchases a tread walker and a standing desk which will allow him
Inessa [12570]

Answer:

The answer is

-0.245 \pm2.160(0.205)

Step-by-step explanation:

After operating under these conditions for a period of 6 months, he selects a simple random sample of 15 days. He logs the hours he walked each day as tracked by his fitness monitor, alongside his recorded billable hours from a work application on his computer.

The calculated slope is -0.245

The number of samples is n = 15

The standard error is 0.205

The confidence level is 95

The significance level is (100 - 95)% = 0.05

The degrees of freedom is n - 2 = 15 - 2 = 13

Critical Value = 2.16 = [using excel = TINV (0.05, 13)]

Marginal Error = Critical Value * standard error

= 2.16 * 0.205

= 0.4428

-0.245 \pm2.160(0.205)

8 0
1 month ago
Read 2 more answers
Suppose that the universal set is U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}. Express each of the following subsets with bit strings (of length 10
lawyer [12517]

Response:

0011100000

1010010001

0111001110

Detailed explanation:

Since the question is incomplete, here is the full question.

Assume the universal set is U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}. Represent each of these sets using bit strings, where the ith bit indicates 1 if the element i is part of the set, and 0 otherwise.

a) {3, 4, 5}

b) {1, 3, 6, 10}

c) {2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9}.

Thus, we need to convert a), b), and c) into bit strings.

To begin with, the number of items in the universal set determines the number of bits in the bit string.

Next, a 1 denotes the presence of an element both in the universal set and in the subset.

A 0 indicates that an element is absent from the subset but present in the universal set.

Therefore, we obtain:

a) Subset {3,4,5} = 0011100000  (As it contains 3 ones, it shows that only 3,4,5 are included in both the universal and the subset.

In the same way,

b) Subset {1, 3, 6, 10} = 1010010001

c) Subset {2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9} = 0111001110

5 0
1 month ago
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