The higher an animal is positioned on a cladogram, the more closely it is related to other animals.
Response:
Identify the primary concept
Explanation:
A proline codon would replace the arginine codon due to the mutation. GCA encodes for glycine, while GGU, GGC, or GGG also specify glycine. This change will result in a proline codon appearing in the complementary DNA or RNA strand. The proline codons are CCT, CCC, CCA, and CCG. If no mutation occurred, arginine would be encoded by the complementary codons CGT, CGC, CGA, or CGG.
To fix a thymine dimer via nucleotide excision repair, the sequence of enzyme activity is Endonuclease, DNA polymerase I, and DNA ligase. Two primary methods exist for repairing thymine dimers; one is photoreactivation, where an enzyme activated by blue light repairs the dimer, thus restoring the proper base pairing. The alternative method is excision repair, involving the uvr system that removes the dimer, with the gap filled by DNA polymerase I's proofreading capability.
