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Lina20
10 days ago
7

On a day when the water is flowing relatively gently, water in the Niagara River is moving horizontally at 4.5 m/sm/s before sho

oting over Niagara Falls. After moving over the edge, the water drops 53 mm to the water below.
a. If we ignore air resistance, how much time does it take for the water to go from the top of the falls to the bottom?
b. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
c. How far does the water move horizontally during this time?
d. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Physics
1 answer:
Maru [1K]10 days ago
7 0

Answer:

a.3.29 m/s

b.3.3 m/s

c.14.8 m

d.15 m

Explanation:

We have the following specifics:

Initial Horizontal speed=v_x=4.5 m/s

Vertical component of initial speed=v_y=0

Vertical distance=y=-53 m

a.s=ut+\frac{1}{2}gt^2

Applying the formula and considering g as negative results in g=-9.8m/s^2

-53=0-\frac{1}{2}(9.8)t^2

53=4.9t^2

t^2=\frac{53}{4.9} s

t=\sqrt{\frac{53}{4.9}}=3.29m/s

b.Since the hundredths place exceeds 5, 1 is added to the tenths place, while other digits to the left remain unchanged and the digit to the right is replaced by 0.

t=3.3 m/s

c.Horizontal acceleration=a_x=0

x=v_xt=4.5\times 3.29=14.8 m

d.The digit in the tenths place at 8 surpasses 5, thus adding 1 to the units place, with all other digits on the left side unchanged and the right-side digit altered to 0.

Horizontal distance=15 m

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6 0
3 days ago
For a projectile, which of the following quantities are constant during the flight: x, y, vx, vy, v, ax, ay? Check all that appl
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Response:

C. vx

F. ax

G. ay

Clarification:

The projectile follows a curved trajectory toward the ground, causing changes in x and y positions.

Since there is no external force acting in the x-direction, the acceleration in x remains at zero. Consequently, ax and vx remain unchanged.

The projectile is subject to the force of gravity, directed downwards, leading to an increase in its velocity due to the rise in its y-component.

Meanwhile, the y-component of acceleration remains constant due to gravitational acceleration.

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7 days ago
Rock X is released from rest at the top of a cliff that is on Earth. A short time later, Rock Y is released from rest from the s
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Answer:

C) True. The distance S increases over time, with v₁ = gt and v₂ = g (t-t₀), illustrating that v₁> v₂ for the same t.

Explanation:

We have a set of statements to evaluate for correctness. The most effective approach is to examine the problem in detail.

Using the equation for vertical launch, we acknowledge that the positive direction signifies downward movement.

Stone 1

    y₁ = v₀₁ t + ½ g t²

    y₁ = 0 + ½ g t²

Stone 2

Released shortly thereafter, let's assume a delay of one second, we can utilize the same timing mechanism

     t ’= (t-t₀)

    y₂ = v₀₂ t ’+ ½ g t’²

    y₂ = 0 + ½ g (t-t₀)²

    y₂ = + ½ g (t-t₀)²

We can now calculate the separation distance between the two stones, which is applicable for t> = to

    S = y₁ -y₂

    S = ½ g t²– ½ g (t-t₀)²

    S = ½ g [t² - (t² - 2 t t₀ + t₀²)]  

    S = ½ g (2 t t₀ - t₀²)

    S = ½ g t₀ (2 t - t₀)

This represents the distance between the two stones over time, with the coefficient outside the parentheses being constant.

For t < to, the first stone remains stationary while the distance grows.

For t > = to, the expression (2t/to-1) yields a value greater than 1, indicating that the distance expands as time progresses.

We can now analyze the different statements

A) false. The height difference increases over time.

B) False S increases.

C) It is true that S increases over time, with v₁ = gt and V₂ = g (t-t₀) indicating v₁> v₂ at the same t.

3 0
12 days ago
A rocket takes off vertically from the launch pad with no initial velocity but a constant upward acceleration of 2.25 m/s^2. At
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Answer:

A) 328 m

B) 80.22 m/s

C) 8.18 sec

Explanation:

A)

The rocket's initial acceleration is 2.25 m/s²

Time until engine failure is 15.4 s

Initial velocity u during takeoff = 0 m/s

Distance covered while the engine is functional =?

We apply Newton's laws for this calculation

S = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^{2}

Here, S represents the distance traveled under the rocket's thrust

S = (0 x 15.4) + \frac{1}{2}(2.25 x 15.4^{2})

S = 0 + 266.81 m = 266.81 m

Before the engine fails, the final velocity can be found using:

v = u + at

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Once the engine fails, the rocket decelerates under gravitational pull at g = -9.81 m/s²  (acting downwards)

The upward initial velocity when freefall begins is v = 34.65 m/s

The final velocity is reached at peak height, where the rocket halts, therefore:

u = 0 m/s

The distance covered during this freefall will be s =?

Utilizing the equation

v^{2} = u^{2} + 2gs

0^{2} = 34.65^{2} + 2(-9.81 x s)

0 = 1200.6 - 19.62s

-1200.6 = -19.62s

s = -1200.6/-19.62 = 61.19 m

Thus,

Maximum Height = 266.81 m  + 61.19 m =  328 m

B)

At maximum height, the rocket’s initial upward velocity drops to 0 m/s (the rocket completely stops)

The descent occurs freely under g = 9.81 m/s² (acting downwards)

The distance covered during the fall will be 328 m

Final velocity v just prior to impact =?

Applying v^{2} = u^{2} + 2gs

v^{2} = 0^{2} + 2(9.81 x 328)

v^{2} = 0 + 6435.36

v = \sqrt{6435.36} = 80.22 m/s

The time taken before reaching the pad is found as follows

v = u + gt

80.22 = 0 + 9.81t

t = 80.22/9.81 = 8.18 sec

7 0
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