The test statistic (Z) is 2.5767, and the p-value of the test is 0.009975. The null hypothesis suggests that the smoking rate among students has not changed, while the alternative indicates otherwise. The z-statistic for the sampled proportion is computed, yielding z ≈ 2.5767. As we investigate whether the smoking percentage has shifted over the preceding five years, the two-tailed p-value is found to be 0.009975. This result is significant at a 99% confidence level, demonstrating substantial evidence that the percentage of smoking students has changed.
