Johnny was playing baseball with his friends and they noticed a bolt of lightning. They heard thunder seven seconds later. How f

Answer:

The separation between Earth and the star is growing.

Explanation:

When we witness the electromagnetic radiation of an object shifting towards the blue spectrum, it indicates that the object is moving closer, which compresses the light waves and decreases the wavelength towards blue, referred to as blueshift.

Conversely, when an object retreats from us rapidly, its light waves are stretched, resulting in a longer wavelength that shifts towards the red part of the spectrum. This shift is termed redshift.

The alteration of wavelength and frequency due to relative motion (approaching or receding) is explained by the Doppler effect.

In this case, since the light we detect from the star has transitioned to the red part of the spectrum, we can infer that it is moving away from Earth, indicating that the distance between the star and Earth is increasing.

Answer:

a) The ball's velocity just prior to hitting the ground measures -6.3 m/s

b) The ball's velocity right after bouncing off the ground registers at 3.1 m/s

c) The average acceleration's magnitude is 470 m/s², and its direction is upward, forming a 90º angle with the ground.

Explanation:

To begin, let’s assess the time it takes for the ball to reach the floor:

The equation outlining the ball's position is:

y = y0 + v0 * t + 1/2 g * t²

Where:

y = position at given time t

y0 = initial position

v0 = initial velocity

t = time

g = acceleration triggered by gravity

We establish the ground as the reference origin.

a) Since the ball is released rather than thrown, the initial velocity v0 is 0. The direction of acceleration is downward, directed towards the origin; thus, “g” is treated as negative. When the ball contacts the ground, its position will be 0. Therefore:

0 = 2.0 m + 0 m/s *t - 1/2 * 9.8 m/s² * t²

-2.0 m = -4.9 m/s² * t²

t² = -2.0 m / - 4.9 m/s²

t = 0.64 s

The motion equation for a falling body is:

v = v0 + g * t      where "v" denotes the velocity

Since v0= 0:

v = g * t = -9.8 m/s² * 0.64 s = -6.3 m/s

b) The pebble's speed reaches 0 during its maximum height. To find the time taken for the pebble to achieve that height, we can use the velocity equation and then substitute that time in the position equation to derive the initial velocity:

v = v0 + g * t

0 = v0 + g * t

-v0/g = t

Replacing t in the position equation, knowing the maximum height is 1.5 m:

y = y0 + v0 * t + 1/2* g * t² y = 1.5 m y0 = 0 m t = -v0/g

1.5 m = v0 * (-v0/g) + 1/2 * g (-v0/g)²

1.5 m = - v0²/g - 1/2 * v0²/g

1.5 m = -3/2 v0²/g

1.5 m * (-2/3) * g = v0²

1.5 m * (-2/3) * (-9.8 m/s²) = v0²

v0 = 3.1 m/s

c) The average acceleration can be determined by:

a = final velocity - initial velocity / time

a = 3.1 m/s - (-6.3 m/s) / 0.02 s = 470 m/s²

The direction of the acceleration is upward, perpendicular to the ground.

The vector average acceleration will be:

a = (0, 470 m/s²) or (470 m/s² * cos 90º, 470 m/s² * sin 90º)

Answer:

The third-order dark fringe

Explanation:

y = Distance from central bright fringe = 204 mm

λ = Wavelength = 400 nm

L = Distance from screen to source = 1 m

d = Slit spacing = 6 μm

The order of the fringe is 3

Thus, it’s identified as a dark fringe.

Response:

For a transition metal complex in solution exhibiting an absorption peak at 450 nm, which falls within the blue section of the visible spectrum, the corresponding (complementary) color of this solution is orange (option B).

Rationale:

The amount of UV-visible light absorbed indicates that some electromagnetic radiation successfully passes through the sample and is perceivable by the human eye. Thus, the color apparent in the visible spectrum of a complex aligns with the wavelengths of light it allows to pass rather than those it absorbs. The color that is absorbed will be complementary to the one that is transmitted.

In the accompanying image, you can view the associated wavelengths alongside their respective colors. By identifying the wavelength associated with the absorbed color, you will be able to see the complementary color that is visible or reflected.

For a transition metal complex in solution exhibiting an absorption peak at 450 nm, which falls within the blue section of the visible spectrum, the corresponding (complementary) color of this solution is orange (option B).

Answer: The resulting speed is . Option (a) stands as the correct choice. Explanation: Given the context, the potential difference entails calculations linked to speed assessment. If instead accelerated through a different potential difference, the resulting speed will be computed accordingly.