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Alik
8 days ago
14

You are performing a simple distillation of roughly 50:50 liquid solution containing two components, hexane and nonane You place

15 ml of the mixture in a round bottom flask, and then collect the distillate sequentially as four three ml samples labeled S1, S2, S3, and S4. Pure hexane has a refractive index of 1.375 and pure nonane has a refractive index of 1.407. You measure a refractive index of 1.385 for one of the four samples. Assuming the refractive index varies linearly with mole fraction, estimate the mole fraction of hexane in this sample.
Chemistry
1 answer:
VMariaS [2.6K]8 days ago
6 0

Answer:

Explanation:

The refractive index is a one-dimensional measure that indicates the speed of light traveling through a substance. This property is utilized to determine the purity of liquids.

In this scenario, you begin with a 50:50 solution of hexane and nonane and conduct fractional distillation.

During distillation, the collection will be enriched with the more volatile component (hexane). Therefore, the final sample will contain a greater proportion of hexane compared to nonane.

Assuming the refractive index interrelates linearly with the mole fraction, the following values are obtained:

1.375 for 100% hexane

1.407 for 100% nonane

1.385 corresponds to???

mole fraction of hexane:

100 - (1.385 - 1.375) / (1.407 - 1.375) × 100 = 69 %

mole fraction of nonane:

100 - (1.407 - 1.385) / (1.407 - 1.375) × 100 = 31 %

The ratio of the distilled fractions is 69:31 (hexane:nonane)

This demonstrates that distillation serves as a method for separating liquid mixtures effectively.

I hope this information is useful!

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In living organisms, C-14 atoms disintegrate at a rate of 15.3 atoms per minute per gram of carbon. A charcoal sample from an ar
lions [2653]

Answer:

The result is "4,241.17 years"

Explanation:

The disintegration rate for C-14 atoms is indicated in  15.3 \frac{atoms}{min-g}

The dissolution rate of the sample is given by 9.16 \frac{atoms} {min-gram}

The C-14 proportion within the sample can be determined as per = \frac {9.16}{15.3} \\\\ = 0.5987

With a half-life of 5730 years.

Now, we need to compute the number of half-lives (n) that are applicable:

(\frac{1}{2})^n= A\\\\A= fraction of C-14, which is remaining \\\\(\frac{1}{2})^n= 0.5987 \\\\ n \log 2 = - \log 0.5987\\\\

\therefore \\\\ \Rightarrow n= \frac{0.227}{0.3010} \\\\ = 0.740\\

Thus, the age of the sample is represented as = n \times\ half-life

                                                 = 0.740 \times 5730 \ years \\\\=4241.17 \ years\\\\

6 0
1 month ago
A student is given a sample of a blue copper sulfate hydrate. He weighs the sample in a dry covered porcelain crucible and got a
KiRa [2726]

Answer:

There are 5.5668 moles of water for every mole of CuSO₄.

Explanation:

The mass of anhydrous CuSO₄ is:

23.403g - 22.652g = 0.751g.

mass of crucible + lid + CuSO₄ - mass of crucible + lid

Given that the molar mass of CuSO₄ is 159.609g/mol, we calculate the moles:

0.751g ×\frac{1mol}{159,609g} = 4.7052x10⁻³ moles CuSO₄

The mass of water in the initial sample is:

23.875g - 0.751g - 22.652g = 0.472g.

mass of crucible + lid + CuSO₄ hydrate - CuSO₄ - mass of crucible + lid

As the molar mass of H₂O is 18.02g/mol, we find the moles:

0.472g ×\frac{1mol}{18,02g} = 2.6193x10⁻² moles H₂O

The mole ratio of H₂O to CuSO₄ is:

2.6193x10⁻² moles H₂O / 4.7052x10⁻³ moles CuSO₄ = 5.5668

This indicates there are 5.5668 moles of water per mole of CuSO₄.

I hope this is helpful!

5 0
1 month ago
32.7 grams of water vapor takes up how many liters at standard temperature and pressure (273 K and 100 kPa)?
alisha [2718]
At standard temperature and pressure, it is established that 1 mole of gas has a volume of 22.4 liters.

According to the periodic table:
the molar mass of oxygen is 16 g
and the molar mass of hydrogen is 1 g
Hence, the molar mass of water vapor is calculated as 2(1) + 16 = 18 g

Thus, 18 g of water occupies 22.4 liters, therefore:
the volume for 32.7 g is (32.7 x 22.4) / 18 = 40.6933 liters

5 0
17 days ago
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of NaCH3COO (also written as NaC2H3O2) and HCl.
lorasvet [2542]
The balanced equation is:

NaCH₃COO + HCl → NaCl + HCH₃COO

Make 
4 0
1 month ago
Read 2 more answers
How does vegetation slow and prevent sediment loss?
Alekssandra [2719]
Vegetation cover serves as the most efficient and effective method to curb sediment loss. The roots of plants like grass interlink soil particles, aiding in erosion resistance, particularly against runoff water. Vegetation absorbs the force of raindrops, preventing soil particle detachment. Additionally, plants can lie flat resembling shingles on a roof, enabling runoff to travel over the soil rather than disturbing it. Tall, erect vegetation functions as a barrier against wind, diminishing its force so that it cannot dislodge soil particles from the ground surface.
5 0
1 month ago
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