Answer:
Lowering the temperature.
Explanation:
- According to Le Châtelier's principle, when an equilibrium is disturbed by an outside influence, the system reacts by shifting in the direction that counteracts that disturbance and restores balance.
- Let's analyze the given options:
1) Reducing the concentration of SO₂,
A decrease in SO₂ concentration causes the reaction to move leftward to compensate for this drop.
2) Lowering the temperature,
Given ΔH = –98.8 kJ/mol, which implies the reaction releases heat and is exothermic.
Dropping the temperature means there's less heat, prompting the equilibrium to shift right to produce more heat and offset the change.
This is the correct option.
3) Increasing SO₃ concentration,
An increase in SO₃ shifts the reaction left to reduce the SO₃ levels.
4) Raising the volume,
Increasing volume lowers the pressure, causing the equilibrium to shift towards the side with more gas moles—that is, the left side.
- Therefore, decreasing the temperature is the correct choice.
Answer: 13 liters
Explanation: It is crucial to remember two factors that allow us to carry out this calculation.
Firstly, temperature and pressure must remain unchanged, so these constant values are not considered when calculating volume since they will always be the same.
Secondly, we are dealing with the same gas, with the conditions remaining consistent. Hence, we can proceed.
For 1.2 moles of gas, we have a volume of 8.5 liters. Now, let's determine the volume for 0.65 moles:
0.65 mole * (8.5 liter / 1.2 mole) = 4.25 liters
As we maintain the same gas type, we simply need to total the volumes for each mole amount:
8.5 liters + 4.25 liters = 12.75 liters, which rounds to 13 liters.
Details:
The equation to calculate work done is defined as follows.
W = 
where, k = proportionality constant = 
d = separation distance = 0.45 nm = 
Now we will insert the given values into the formula above to compute the work done as follows.
W =
= ![\frac{-[8.99 \times 10^{9} Jm/C^{2} \times 3.2 \times 10^{-19} C \times -3.2 \times 10^{-19} C]}{0.25 \times 10^{-9} m}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B-%5B8.99%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B9%7D%20Jm%2FC%5E%7B2%7D%20%5Ctimes%203.2%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-19%7D%20C%20%5Ctimes%20-3.2%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-19%7D%20C%5D%7D%7B0.25%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-9%7D%20m%7D)
= 
Thus, we can conclude that the work needed to increase the distance between the two ions to infinity is 
.
A flood that affects the environment where natural rubber is produced would severely hinder rubber production. In order to greatly limit production, a flood would need to destroy a significant portion of rubber trees. Natural rubber is crucial for manufacturing synthetic polymers. If the rubber supply is compromised (due to the disruption of its ecosystem caused by a flood), there would be a substantial decline in the availability of synthetic polymers.
hope this helps
The mixture’s density is 1.57 g/cm³.
Step 1: Determine the mass of the butter.
Step 2: Determine the mass of the sand.
Step 3: Determine the density of the mixture.
Total mass = 0.860 g + 2.28 g = 3.14 g.
Total volume = 1 cm³ + 1 cm³ = 2 cm³
