Answer:
The scale factor equates to 3.
Detailed explanation:
Please refer to the provided image for clarity regarding this issue.
We know that
If two shapes are similar, then the ratio of their areas corresponds to the square of the scale factor.
Let
z -----> scale factor
x -----> area of polygon Q
y ----> area of polygon P
Thus, we have

so, we proceed with

Determining the area of polygon Q
The polygon Q can be divided into five distinct squares.
Refer to the additional figure N 2.
The area of polygon Q, which represents the total area of the five squares, is

Calculating the scale factor

Thus, we derive


By substituting the values, we find


Taking the square root of both sides results in

Thus,
The scale factor resolves to 3.