Answer: The mole fraction of hydrogen gas at 20°C is 0.975
Explanation:
The information provided includes:
Water vapor pressure at 20°C is 17.5 torr
Total pressure at 20°C = 700.0 torr
Hydrogen gas vapor pressure at 20°C = (700.0 - 17.5) torr = 682.5 torr
To find hydrogen gas's mole fraction at 20°C, we utilize Raoult's law, represented by:

where,
= pressure of hydrogen gas = 682.5 torr
= total pressure = 700.0 torr
= mole fraction of hydrogen gas =?
Substituting the values into the equation yields:

Thus, the mole fraction of hydrogen gas at 20°C equals 0.975