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scoray
19 days ago
6

A hunter wishes to cross a river that is 1.5 km wide and flows with a velocity of 5.0 km/h parallel to its banks. The hunter use

s a small powerboat that moves at a maximum speed of 12 km/h with respect to the water. What is the minimum time for crossing?
Physics
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Determine the final state and temperature of 100 g of water originally at 25.0°c after 50.0 kj of heat have been added to it.
inna [3103]
The heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by \Delta T is represented by
Q=m C_p \Delta T
where m stands for the mass of the substance and C_p indicates the specific heat of the substance. In this situation, we possess m=100~g=0.1~Kg and C_p=4.19~KJ/(Kg K), the specific heat of water.
Consequently, we can ascertain the temperature rise \Delta T:
\Delta T = \frac{Q}{m C_p}= \frac{50~KJ}{0.1~Kg cdot 4.19~KJ/(Kg K)}=119~K =119^{\circ}C
Initially, the water's temperature was 25^{\circ}C, so the end temperature should be
T_f = 25^{\circ}C+119^{\circ}C=144^{\circ}C
Thus, the water is expected to be vapor by now.

However, to give a more accurate statement, during the liquid to vapor transition, the heat added to the system is used to break molecular bonds instead of raising the system's temperature. The heat necessary for the phase change from liquid to vapor is expressed as
Q=m C_L=0.1~Kg \cdot 2265~KJ/Kg=226.5~KJ
where C_L denotes the latent heat of vaporization for water.
Nevertheless, the initial heat input of 50 KJ is less than this requirement, indicating there isn't sufficient heat to finish the liquid-vapor transition. Therefore, the water will remain in the liquid-vapor change phase at a temperature of 100^{\circ}C (the temperature at which the phase change begins)

4 0
3 months ago
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