For this issue, the answer is clarified as the system takes in energy (+). The surroundings contribute 84 KJ of work. Whenever a system is receiving work from its surroundings, the value will be positive. Therefore, it sums to 12.4 KJ + 4.2 = 16.6 KJ.
Since the absolute values of the charges are identical, the changes in potential energy remain equivalent. Consequently, the changes in kinetic energy will also match. We have:
1 = Ke/Kp = m_e * v_e^2 / m_p * v_p^2, which simplifies to:
v_e/v_p = sqrt(m_p/m_e),
indicating that the velocity of the electron is sqrt(m_p/m_e) times greater than that of the proton.
An increase in temperature (Global warming) is observed. The solar radiation is transformed into heat energy absorbed by Earth's surface. In line with the law of conservation of energy, energy can only transition forms rather than disappear. If an increasing quantity of energy accumulates on Earth with minimal release, this imbalance in energy demand leads to a rise in temperature due to excessive heat absorption, largely a result of pollution from fossil fuel combustion releasing CO2 and other harmful emissions. Ordinarily, the residual solar energy would escape back into space, but CO2 and similar contaminants trap this heat, thus elevating Earth's temperature.
