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viktelen
2 months ago
10

Methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) has fewer chlorine atoms than chloroform (CHCl3). Nevertheless, methylene chloride has a larger mole

cular dipole moment than chloroform. Explain.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Alekssandra [3K]2 months ago
3 0

Answer:

See below for the explanation.

Explanation:

  • Chloroform features three C-Cl bonds that are polar, while methylene chloride contains just two of these polar bonds. Therefore, chloroform is anticipated to be more polar and have a greater dipole moment when compared to methylene chloride.
  • Two factors account for the unexpected trend in dipole moments between methylene chloride and chloroform.
  • The first factor is the quantity of hyperconjugative hydrogen atoms in each molecule. Hyperconjugation is associated with the empty d-orbital in the chlorine atom. This process enhances the charge separation within a molecule, leading to a higher dipole moment.
  • Methylene chloride has two hyperconjugative hydrogens, while chloroform has just one. Thus, methylene chloride is expected to exhibit greater charge separation than chloroform.
  • The second factor is the induction of opposing polarity in a C-Cl bond due to another C-Cl bond present within the same molecule. The greater the opposing polarity induction, the less the charge separation, resulting in a lower dipole moment overall.
  • Since chloroform has three C-Cl bonds compared to the two in methylene chloride, it experiences greater opposing polarity induction, which leads to its reduced dipole moment.
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alisha [2963]

Answer:

To break a single I-I bond, the wavelength of light required is 7.92 × 10⁻⁷ m

Explanation:

The energy needed to break one mole of iodine-iodine single bonds is 151 KJ

The energy necessary to rupture one iodine-iodine bond is calculated as (151 KJ/mol) / 6.02 × 10²³/mol = 2.51 × 10⁻²² KJ

or

2.51 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

Formula:

E = hc / λ    

Where h is Planck's constant    = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ js

c is the speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

λ = wavelength

Solution:

E = hc / λ  

λ   = hc / E

λ   =  (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ js × 3 × 10⁸ m/s ) / 2.51 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

λ   = 19.878 × 10⁻²⁶ j.m / 2.51 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

λ   = 7.92 × 10⁻⁷ m

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2 months ago
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Tems11 [2777]

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Explanation:

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Members of this group include oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.

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The electronic configuration of sulfur is 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^4.

Because sulfur belongs to Group 16, it has 6 valence electrons.

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