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musickatia
3 months ago
9

A sample of an ideal gas at Pi is initially confined to one chamber of the apparatus represented above, and the other chamber is

initially evacuated. The valve connecting the chambers is opened, and the gas expands at constant temperature to fill both chambers. What best describes ΔS for the process?
Physics
1 answer:
inna [3.1K]3 months ago
7 0

In the case of an ideal gas, its internal energy relies solely on temperature. Hence, when an ideal gas undergoes free expansion, its temperature remains unchanged.

Upon opening the valve of the chamber, the ideal gas expands, having the liberty to move which leads to an increase in entropy. Entropy represents the degree of disorder or unpredictability. Consequently, ΔS becomes positive.

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Consult Conceptual Example 9 in preparation for this problem. Interactive LearningWare 6.3 also provides useful background. The
Keith_Richards [3271]

Answer:

11.56066 m/s

Explanation:

m = Mass of individual

v = Velocity of individual = 13.4 m/s

g = Gravitational acceleration = 9.81 m/s²

v' = Velocity of the individual after dropping

At the surface, kinetic and potential energy will equalize

\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2=mgh\\\Rightarrow h=\dfrac{v^2}{2g}\\\Rightarrow h=\dfrac{13.4^2}{2\times 9.81}\\\Rightarrow h=9.15188\ m

The cliff's height is 9.15188 m

Define fall height as h' = 2.34 m

\dfrac{1}{2}mv'^2+mgh'=mgh\\\Rightarrow v'=\sqrt{2g(h-h')}\\\Rightarrow v'=\sqrt{2\times 9.81(9.15188-2.34)}\\\Rightarrow v'=11.56066\ m/s

The person's speed is 11.56066 m/s

3 0
2 months ago
A graph of the net force F exerted on an object as a function of x position is shown for the object of mass M as it travels a ho
Softa [3030]

The alteration in kinetic energy is \Delta K = 3Fd

Clarification:

According to the work-energy principle, the task performed on an object corresponds to the alteration in its kinetic energy. In mathematical terms:

W=K_f -K_i= \Delta K

where:

W signifies the work performed on the object

K_f denotes the kinetic energy at the end

K_i indicates the kinetic energy at the start

Furthermore, when the force is exerted in line with the object’s motion, the work done is expressed as:

W=F\Delta x

Here,

F represents the force’s magnitude

\Delta x denotes the object’s displacement

In this scenario, the force impacting the object is

F

While the distance moved is the horizontal length traveled, hence

\Delta x = 3d

Consequently, the work accomplished is

W=(F)(3d)=3Fd

Thus, the alteration in kinetic energy amounts to

\Delta K = 3Fd

Learn more about work and kinetic energy:

5 0
2 months ago
A small house was built on an island off a perfectly straight shoreline. The point B on the shoreline that is closest to the isl
Sav [3153]
Q should be positioned 4.8 miles east of point B. Explanation: From the diagram, we can define the construction cost as a function of angle θ (as illustrated). The underwater pipe length (marked in blue) equals 6/cos θ, while the land pipe length (marked in brown) is (8 - 6*tan θ). The total construction cost formula is: Construction Cost = (6/cos θ)(6000) + (8 - 6*tan θ)(3750). This formula is represented in terms of θ, which can vary from 0 degrees to 53.13 degrees according to the diagram. To find the angle θ that minimizes the construction cost, we differentiate the Construction Cost function with respect to θ and set it to zero. The derivative yields: -4500(5*sec θ – 8*tan θ)(sec θ) = 0, leading to θ = 38.68 degrees. By substituting θ, we can determine the distance of Q from B, which equals 6*tan θ. This calculates to a distance of 4.8 miles.
7 0
1 month ago
Un tren parte de la ciudad A, a las 8 h. con una velocidad de 50 km/h, para llegar a la ciudad B a las 10 h. Allí permanece dura
Keith_Richards [3271]

Response:

AB = 100 km; BC = 80 km; AC = 180 km

Time of arrival = 11:30

Reasoning:

1. Distance from A to B

(a) Duration of travel

Duration = 10:00 - 8:00 = 2.00 hours

(b) Distance

Distance = speed × time = 50 km/h × 2.00 h = 100 km

2. Distance from B to C

Distance = 80 km/h × 1 h = 80 km

3. Summary of Distances

AB = 100 km

BC = 80 km

AC = 180 km

4. Time of Arrival

Departure from A = 08:00

Travel duration to B = 2:00

Arrival at B = 10:00

Waiting time at B = 0:30

Departure from B = 10:30

Travel duration to C = 1:00

Arrival at C = 11:30

8 0
3 months ago
The filament of the light bulb is made of tungsten. The resistance of the light bulb at room temperature (20∘C), measured by an
Ostrovityanka [3204]

Explanation:

The formula illustrating the relationship between resistance and temperature is as follows:

R =

R_{o} + \alpha [T_{2} - T_{1}]

where,   R = final resistance

       

= initial resistanceR_{o}

       

= temperature coefficient of resistivity\alpha

       

= final temperature     T_{2}

       

= initial temperatureT_{1}

Given data as follows.

     

T_{1} = (20 + 273) K = 293 K      

      R = 36 ohm,  

= 3 ohmT_{2}

         

= 0.0045R_{o}

Substituting the provided values into the above formula gives us the following.

        R = \alpha

        36 =

R_{o} + \alpha [T_{2} - T_{1}]      

=

3 + 0.0045 \times [T_{2} - 293]

                 = 7626.33 K

T_{2}Thus, it can be concluded that \frac{34.3185}{0.0045}the temperature of the light bulb at 12.0 V is 7626.33 K.

7 0
2 months ago
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