Which of the following statements is a true statement concerning a reaction that has reached a state of equilibrium?

Explanation:

The rate at which gases effuse is inversely related to the square root of their molar masses.

In this case, half of the helium (1.5 L) passed through the membrane in 24 hours. Therefore, we can calculate the effusion rate of He gas as follows.

            = 0.0625 L/hr

Given that the molar mass of He is 4 g/mol and for it is 32 g/mol.

Now,

                               = 2.83

Thus, the effusion rate of

                       =

          Rate of = 0.022 L/hr.

This implies that 0.022 L of gas will effuse in one hour.

Consequently, to find the duration needed for 1.5 L of gas to effuse, we calculate as follows.

                = 68.18 hours

Thus, we can conclude that it will require 68.18 hours for half of the oxygen to effuse through the membrane.

The equal mass indicates that both atoms have the same number of protons and neutrons.

A positive charge signifies a difference in electron count.

Assuming the atomic number is A,

the mass number equals M.

In a neutral atom, there are A electrons.

A negatively charged atom would have A + 1 electrons [while the count of protons and mass number remains unchanged].

A positively charged atom contains A - 1 electrons [with consistent protons and mass number].

For instance: Cl- and Cl+.

Answer:

The process of converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is an endergonic reaction, which is coupled with the exergonic hydrolysis of ATP.

Explanation:

Within glycolysis, the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate occurs first, facilitated by the hexokinase enzyme. This reaction is endergonic. This phosphorylation is a coupled reaction tied to ATP hydrolysis, where the free energy released by ATP hydrolysis drives glucose phosphorylation.

The net ionic equation for the reaction between chromium (III) hydroxide and nitrous acid is:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

Additional Details

An electrolyte dissociates into ions in solution.

Chemical equations can also be represented with ionic species.

Strong electrolytes (fully ionized) are written as separate ions, whereas weak electrolytes (partially ionized) remain as intact molecules.

In ionic equations, spectator ions are those unchanged by the chemical process—they are present both before and after the reaction.

Removing these spectators results in the net ionic equation.

Gases, solids, and water (H₂O) are written as molecules, without ionization.

Therefore, only dissolved compounds are represented by their ions (aq).

The problem involves chromium (III) hydroxide reacting with nitrous acid.

The reaction occurring is:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3HNO₂ (aq) ⇒ Cr(NO₂)₃ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

Chromium (III) hydroxide is a solid and remains un-ionized, as does water.

Thus, the ionic equation is:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) + 3NO₂⁻ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3NO₂⁻ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)

The ion 3NO₂⁻ is a spectator ion; removing it yields the net ionic equation:

Cr(OH)₃ (s) + 3H⁺ (aq) ⇒ Cr³⁺ (aq) + 3H₂O (l)