E = mc²
where E = energy produced
m = mass of the nucleus
C = speed of light
m = 9.106 x 10⁻³ x 1.67 x 10⁻²⁷ kg
C = 3 x 10⁸ m/s, thus C² = 9 x 10¹⁶
E = 1.37 x 10⁻¹² J
Explanation:
Elements provided:
F, Sr, P, Ca, O, Br, Rb, Sb, Li, S
Elements sharing similar reactivity belong to the same group in the periodic table, indicating that those in the same column exhibit comparable reactivity. Here are the identified groupings:
Li and Rb are alkali metals in group 1
Ca and Sr are alkaline earth metals in group 2
F and Br are halogens in group 7
O and S belong to group 6
P and Sb are classified in group 5 of the periodic table
Thus, these classifications illustrate elements with the same chemical characteristics.
Answer :
The percentage ionic character (%IC) equals 10%, indicating the bond is mostly covalent with slight polarity.
Percent Ionic Character:
This reflects the fraction of ionic nature within a polar covalent bond. The formula for %IC (% ionic character) is:

Here, Xa is the electronegativity of atom A and Xb is that of atom B.
Given: The compound is TiAl₃.
Electronegativity of Ti = 2.0
Electronegativity of Al = 1.6 (as shown in the provided image)
Substitute these values into the formula:



The value of e⁻¹ equals 0.90.
Therefore, percent ionic character = (1 - 0.90) × 100
Percent Ionic Character = 10%
Because the % IC is only 10%, which is relatively low, the bond is classified as covalent with minimal polarity.
Answer:
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial temperature T₁ = 25.2°C = 298.2K
Initial pressure P₁ = 0.6atm
Final temperature = 72.4°C = 345.4K
What we need to find:
Final pressure = ?
To determine this, we apply a modified version of the combined gas law with constant volume. This simplifies our calculations to:

Here, P and T signify pressure and temperatures, 1 refers to initial and 2 to final temperatures.
Now we can substitute the known variables:

P₂ = 0.7atm
Answer:
The force is 38503.5N.
Explanation:
From the problem, we determine:
P (pressure) = 5.00 atm.
Next, to find the force in Newtons (N), we must convert 5 atm into N/m², as shown:
1 atm equals 101325 N/m².
So, 5 atm equals 5 x 101325 = 506625 N/m².
A (the piston area) = 0.0760 m².
Pressure signifies force per unit area, mathematically represented as
P = F/A.
From this, we find F = P × A.
F = 506625 × 0.0760.
Therefore, F = 38503.5N.
Thus, the piston experiences a force of 38503.5N.