Answer:
1. 192.0 g/mol.
2. 84.0 g/mol.
Explanation:
- The molar mass refers to the weight of all atoms combined in a molecule measured in grams per mole.
- To find a molecule's molar mass, we begin by looking up the atomic weights of the relevant elements from the periodic table. Next, we tally the atoms present and multiply that by their respective atomic weights.
1. Molar mass of citric acid (C₆H₈O₇):
Molar mass of C₆H₈O₇ = 6(atomic mass of C) + 8(atomic mass of H) + 7(atomic mass of O) = 6(12.0 g/mol) + 8(1.0 g/mol) + 7(16.0 g/mol) = 192.0 g/mol.
2. Molar mass of baking soda (NaHCO₃):
Molar mass of NaHCO₃ = (atomic mass of Na) + (atomic mass of H) + (atomic mass of C) + 3(atomic mass of O) = (23.0 g/mol) + (1.0 g/mol) + (12.0 g/mol) + 3(16.0 g/mol) = 84.0 g/mol.
Moving on to the second issue
Let's tackle the second question first. Once you grasp that, the first question will be simpler. By the way, this is an excellent question to clarify. The concepts of less than and more than can be quite tricky in the sciences. Every question you encounter that utilizes less or more should be approached with caution.
As altitude increases, air pressure decreases (essential term: less highlight this sentence in color. Take a moment to reflect on it.)
As the pressure declines, less energy (again, key term) is required for water molecules to escape the surface. Thus, the boiling temperature is lower than it would be at sea level.
Answer to problem two: Lower
Problem One
Water reaches its boiling point when the greatest number of molecules can leave the water's surface. Equal to is the right answer. Although pinpointing the exact answer can be challenging, equal to is indeed the correct response.
Answer:
In the context of NMR spectroscopy, a significant magnetic field creates an energy difference between the alpha and beta spin states, which allows nuclei to absorb RF radiation, ultimately leading to the excitation of a nucleus from a +1/2 spin state to a -1/2 spin state.
Explanation:
Let's represent molecules with symbols as follows:
C₂O₄ = X
and
H₂O = Y
Then,
K [ Co (X)₂ (Y)₂ ]
Since Potassium (K) has an oxidation number of +1
To achieve neutrality, the oxidation number of the coordination sphere needs to equal -1.
Thus,
[ Co (X)₂ (Y)₂ ] = -1
Given that,
the O.N of X is -2
Therefore,
O.N of (X)₂ equals -4
Additionally,
O.N of H₂O is zero since it remains neutral. Therefore,
[Co - 4 + 0 ] = -1
Or,
Co = -1 + 4
Co = +3
Conclusion:
The oxidation number for the coordination sphere is -1, and the oxidation state of copper is +3.
