Response:
2.5kN.m
Details:
Torque relates directly to the pitch diameter
= Ta/Tb= Da/Db
For 120/Tb= 0.25/0.5
This gives Tb= 2.469kN.m, roughly 2.5kN.m
Result: 168N
The calculation shows 16 - 10 equals 6
and 6 divided by 10 equals 0.6
. Therefore, F equals 280 multiplied by 0.6 equals 168.
The distinction lies in the fact that the candle emits an emission spectrum, while the book reflects an absorption spectrum. In the case of the book, light is observed from all directions, causing its reflection to be diffuse. Explanation: The light emitted by a candle originates from the heat of the flame, composed of a combination of emissions from a black body at that temperature along with emissions from the chemical elements within the candle. On the contrary, the light reflected off a book cover consists of the incident light spectrum minus the wavelengths that trigger electronic transitions in the cover's elements, resulting in dark areas on the spectrum. Consequently, the difference stems from the candle producing an emission spectrum, whereas the book showcases an absorption spectrum. For a book's cover to reflect light specularly, incident rays would need to reflect uniformly, creating dark areas. However, since light is observed from all directions when reflecting off a book, the result is diffuse reflection.
Answer:
a) ∆x∆v = 5.78*10^-5
∆v = 1157.08 m/s
b) 4.32*10^{-11}
Explanation:
This problem can be addressed using Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, which is expressed as:

Where h represents Planck’s constant (6.62*10^-34 J s).
Assuming that the electron's mass remains the same, we proceed as follows:

Utilizing the electron's mass (9.61*10^-31 kg) and the uncertainty in position (50 nm), we can compute ∆x∆v and ∆v:


If we treat the electron like a classic particle, the time required to cross the channel is determined using the upper limit of the uncertainty in velocity:
