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1 month ago

If 0.40 mol of H2 and 0.15 mol of O2 were to react as completely as possible to produce H2O what mass of reactant would remain?

Chemistry

1 answer:

alisha [2.7K]1 month ago

3 0

Response: The remaining mass of the reactant $H_2$ is 0.20 grams.

Solution:

Given:

Moles of $H_2$ = 0.40 mol

Moles of $O_2$ = 0.15 mol

Molar mass of $H_2$ = 2 g/mole

Initially, we need to identify the limiting and excess reactants.

The balanced chemical equation is:

$2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O$

From the balanced equation, we deduce that

1 mole of $O_2$ reacts with 2 moles of $H_2$ .

Thus, 0.15 moles of $O_2$ will react with $0.15\times 2=0.30$ moles of $H_2$ .

This shows that $H_2$ is the excess reagent since its provided amount exceeds what is necessary, whereas $O_2$ is the limiting reagent which restricts product formation.

The remaining moles of reactant $H_2$ = 0.40 - 0.30 = 0.10 mole

Next, let’s calculate the mass of the remaining reactant $H_2$ .

$\text{ Mass of }H_2=\text{ Moles of }H_2\times \text{ Molar mass of }H_2$

$\text{ Mass of }H_2=(0.10moles)\times (2g/mole)=0.20g$

Thus, the mass of the remaining reactant $H_2$ is 0.20 grams.

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A sample of solid naphthalene is introduced into an evacuated flask. Use the data below to calculate the equilibrium vapor press

Tems11 [2403]

Answer: The vapor pressure of naphthalene within the flask remains at $2.906\times 10^{-4}$ atm.

Explanation:

The transformation from solid naphthalene to its gaseous form follows the equilibrium reaction:

$C_{10}H_8(s)\rightleftharpoons C_{10}H_8(g)$

The formula employed to determine the enthalpy change for the reaction is:

$\Delta H^o_{rxn}=\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f(product)]-\sum [n\times \Delta H^o_f(reactant)]$

The formula for calculating the enthalpy change regarding the aforementioned reaction is:

$\Delta H^o_{rxn}=(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(g))})-(1\times \Delta H^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(s))})$

The provided information includes:

$\Delta H^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(s))}=78.5kJ/mol\\\Delta H^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(g))}=150.6kJ/mol$

Substituting the values into the previous equation produces:

$\Delta H^o_{rxn}=(1\times 150.6)-(1\times 78.5)=72.1kJ/mol$

The formula utilized to compute Gibbs free energy change is of a reaction:

$\Delta G^o_{rxn}=\sum [n\times \Delta G^o_f(product)]-\sum [n\times \Delta G^o_f(reactant)]$

The equation for the enthalpy change for the reaction is:

$\Delta G^o_{rxn}=(1\times \Delta G^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(g))})-(1\times \Delta G^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(s))})$

The given factors include:

$\Delta G^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(s))}=201.6kJ/mol\\\Delta G^o_f_{(C_{10}H_8(g))}=224.1kJ/mol$

By inserting values from the above equation, we arrive at:

$\Delta G^o_{rxn}=(1\times 224.1)-(1\times 201.6)=22.5kJ/mol$

For the calculation of $K_1$ (at 25°C) regarding the provided value of Gibbs free energy, the following relationship is applied:

$\Delta G^o=-RT\ln K_1$

where,

$\Delta G^o$ = Gibbs free energy = 22.5 kJ/mol = 22500 J/mol (Conversion factor: 1kJ = 1000J)

R = Gas constant = $8.314J/K mol$

T = temperature = $25^oC=[273+25]K=298K$

$K_1$ = equilibrium constant at 25°C =?

Inserting values into the above equation yields:

$22500J/mol=-(8.314J/Kmol)\times 298K\times \ln K_1\\\\K_1=1.14\times 10^{-4}$

To determine the equilibrium constant at 35°C, we refer to the equation proposed by Arrhenius, which states:

$\ln(\frac{K_2}{K_1})=\frac{\Delta H}{T}(\frac{1}{T_1}-\frac{1}{T_2})$

where,

$K_2$ = Equilibrium constant at 35°C =?

$K_1$ = Equilibrium constant at 25°C = $1.14\times 10^{-4}$

$\Delta H$ = Enthalpy change of the reaction = 72.1 kJ/mol = 72100 J

R = Gas constant = $8.314J/K mol$

$T_1$ = Initial temperature = $25^oC=[273+25]K=298K$

$T_2$ = Final temperature = $35^oC=[273+35]K=308K$

By plugging values into the equation above, we obtain:

$\ln(\frac{K_2}{1.14\times 10^{-4}})=\frac{72100J/mol}{8.314J/K.mol}(\frac{1}{298}-\frac{1}{308})\\\\K_2=2.906\times 10^{-4}$

In order to calculate the partial pressure of naphthalene at 35°C, we utilize the equation for $K_p$ , which is:

$K_p=\frac{p_{C_{10}H_8(g)}}{p_{C_{10}H_8(g)}}=p_{C_{10}H_8(g)$

The partial pressure of the solid phase is considered to be 1 at equilibrium.

Therefore, the value for $K_2$ will equal $K_p$

$p_{C_{10}H_8}=2.906\times 10^{-4}$

Consequently, the partial pressure of naphthalene at 35°C is $2.906\times 10^{-4}$ atm.

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8 days ago

Every single-celled organism is able to survive because it carries out *

castortr0y [2743]

Every unicellular organism prospers by executing metabolic activities.

Metabolic activities encompass the set of chemical reactions essential for sustaining life.

Explanation:

Different metabolic pathways maintain an organism's viability. Various metabolic activities occur in all living organisms.

These include processes like cellular respiration, reproduction, excretion, and digestion. Each living cell engages in these activities to survive.

Organisms acquire the energy necessary for these activities through food consumption.

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1 month ago

If 1.50 μg of CO and 6.80 μg of H2 were added to a reaction vessel, and the reaction went to completion, how many gas particles

Alekssandra [2719]

The reaction can be described as follows: CO + 2H2 = CH3OH. Given the specified quantities of the reactants, we will identify the limiting reactant and compute the remaining excess amount. Calculating, 1.50 x 10^-6 g CO converts to 5.36 x 10^-8 mol CO, while 6.80 x 10^-6 g H2 equals 3.37 x 10^-6 mol H2. Thus, CO is fully consumed in the reaction, leaving 3.37 x 10^-6 - 5.36 x 10^-8 = 3.32 x 10^-6 moles of gas.

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28 days ago

Hydrogen gas has a density of 0.090 g/L, and at normal pressure and -1.72 C one mole of it takes up 22.4 L. How would you calcul

Anarel [2605]

Answer:

$n= \frac{m}{ \rho }* \frac{1 mol}{22.4 L}$

Explanation:

Assuming all calculations occur at standard pressure and a temperature of -1.72°C :

$n= \frac{m}{ \rho }* \frac{1 mol}{22.4 L}$

Where

$n$ is the number of moles of hydrogen

$n$ is the mass of hydrogen

$\rho$ is the density of hydrogen

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1 month ago

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How many molecules are in 13.5g of sulfur dioxide, so2?

alisha [2718]

Answer: The number of sulfur dioxide molecules present is 1.27·10²³.
Calculating: m(SO₂) equals 13.5 g.
Using the formula n(SO₂) = m(SO₂) ÷ M(SO₂).
This gives n(SO₂) = 13.5 g ÷ 64 g/mol.
Resulting in n(SO₂) = 0.21 mol.
Subsequently, N(SO₂) = n(SO₂) ·Na.
Therefore, N(SO₂) = 0.21 mol · 6.022·10²³ 1/mol.
Ultimately, N(SO₂) equals 1.27·10²³.
Where n represents amount of substance.
M refers to molar mass.
Na is Avogadro's number.

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1 month ago