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1 month ago

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What stress will shift the following equilibrium system to the right? 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g); ΔH= –98.8 kJ/mol Decreasing con

centration of SO2 Decreasing temperature Increasing concentration of SO3 Increasing volume

1 answer:

Alekssandra [3K]1 month ago

3 0

Answer:

Lowering the temperature.

Explanation:

According to Le Châtelier's principle, when an equilibrium is disturbed by an outside influence, the system reacts by shifting in the direction that counteracts that disturbance and restores balance.
Let's analyze the given options:

1) Reducing the concentration of SO₂,

A decrease in SO₂ concentration causes the reaction to move leftward to compensate for this drop.

2) Lowering the temperature,

Given ΔH = –98.8 kJ/mol, which implies the reaction releases heat and is exothermic.

Dropping the temperature means there's less heat, prompting the equilibrium to shift right to produce more heat and offset the change.

This is the correct option.

3) Increasing SO₃ concentration,

An increase in SO₃ shifts the reaction left to reduce the SO₃ levels.

4) Raising the volume,

Increasing volume lowers the pressure, causing the equilibrium to shift towards the side with more gas moles—that is, the left side.

Therefore, decreasing the temperature is the correct choice.

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The speed of light in a vacuum is 2.998 × 10 8 8 m/s. How long does it take for light to circumnavigate the Earth, which has a c

castortr0y [3046]

Answer:- 0.134 seconds

Solution:- The speed is given as $2.988*10^8\frac{m}{s}$ and the circumference is 24900 miles which is same as the distance light have to covered. It asks to calculate the time required to cover this distance by the light.

Unit conversion is needed from miles to meters since the speed is given in meters per second.

1 mile = 1609.34 meters

Thus, $24900mile(\frac{1609.34meter}{mile})$

= 40072566 meters

Now, $speed=\frac{distance}{time}$

Rearranged for time, that gives: $time=\frac{distance}{speed}$

Inserting the values:

$time=\frac{40072566meter}{2.988*10^8\frac{meter}{second}}$

= 0.134 seconds

Hence, light would take 0.134 seconds to traverse the indicated distance. The answer without the unit is 0.134.

8 0

1 month ago

PART A: Use the following glycolytic reaction to answer the question. If the concentration of DHAP is 0.125 M and the concentrat

alisha [2963]

Answer:

For A: The change in free energy for the reaction is -5339.76 J/mol

For B: Free energy change is expressed in kJ/mol

For C: The forward reaction favors progression, while the reverse reaction does not.

Explanation:

Regarding the specified chemical reaction:

$DHAP\rightleftharpoons G_3P$

For A:

The relationship between standard Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constant is as follows:

$\Delta G^o=-RT\ln K_{eq}$

The free energy change can be calculated using the following equation:

$\Delta G=\Delta G^o+RT\ln Q$

Or,

$\Delta G=-RT^o\ln K_{eq}+RT\ln Q$

where,

$\Delta G$ = Change in free energy

R = Gas constant = $8.314J/K mol$

$T^o$ = standard temperature = $25^oC=[273+25]K=298K$

T = temperature of the cell = $37^oC=[273+37]K=310K$

$K_[eq}$ = equilibrium constant = $5.4\times 10^{-2}$

Q = reaction quotient = $\frac{[G_3P]}{[DHAP]}$

$[G_3P]$ = 0.06 M

[DHAP] = 0.125 M

Substituting the values into the equation yields:

$\Delta G=[-(8.314J/mol.K\times 298K\times \ln (5.4\times 10^{-2}))]+[(8.314J/mol.K\times 310K\times \ln (\frac{0.06}{0.125}))]\\\\\Delta G=-[-7231.46]+[-1891.7]=-5339.76J/mol$

Thus, the change in free energy for the reaction is -5339.76 J/mol

For B:

To convert the free energy change to kilojoules, we apply the conversion factor:

1 kJ = 1000 J

So, $-5339.76J/mol\times \frac{1kJ}{1000J}=-5.34kJ/mol$

Consequently, the free energy change's units are kJ/mol

For C:

For spontaneity in the reaction, the Gibbs free energy must be negative. However, the calculations indicate a positive Gibbs free energy, leading to the conclusion that the reaction is not spontaneous.

The free energy change of the reaction is negative.

Consequently, the forward reaction is favored and the reverse reaction is not favored.

8 0

1 month ago

At STP, the element oxygen can exist as either O2 or O3 gas molecules. These two forms of the element have(1) the same chemical

Anarel [2989]

O2 and O3 represent different forms of Oxygen; therefore, they exhibit (4) distinct chemical and physical properties..

5 0

1 month ago

Read 2 more answers

If 3.8 kcal is released by combustion of each gram of glucose, how many kilocalories are released by the combustion of 1.50 mol

castortr0y [3046]

684 kcal. One mole of glucose weighs roughly 180g. Given that 1g of glucose releases 3.8 kcal, we calculate for 1 mole of glucose: 180g -> 180g * 3.8 kcal/g = 684 kcal.

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29 days ago

Assuming equal concentrations of conjugate base and acid, which one of the following mixtures is suitable for making a buffer so

KiRa [2933]

Answer:NH₃/NH₄Cl

Explanation:

The pH of a buffer can be determined using Henderson-Hasselbalch's equation.

$pH=pKa+log\frac{[base]}{[acid]}$

When the concentration of acid equals that of the base, the pH aligns with the pKa of the buffer. The ideal pH range is pKa ± 1.

Below are the buffers and their corresponding pKa values:

CH₃COONa/CH3COOH (pKa = 4.74)

NH₃/NH₄Cl (pKa = 9.25)

NaOCl/HOCl (pKa = 7.49)

NaNO₂/HNO₂ (pKa = 3.35)

NaCl/HCl Not a buffer

Thus, the ideal buffer is NH₃/NH₄Cl.

4 0

1 month ago