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LiRa
14 days ago
11

Mosses don't spread by dispersing seeds; they disperse tiny spores. The spores are so small that they will stay aloft and move w

ith the wind, but getting them to be windborne requires the moss to shoot the spores upward. Some species do this by using a spore-containing capsule that dries out and shrinks. The pressure of the air trapped inside the capsule increases. At a certain point, the capsule pops, and a stream of spores is ejected upward at 3.6 m/s, reaching an ultimate height of 20 cm.
A)

What fraction of the initial kinetic energy is converted to the final potential energy?

Express your answer numerically.

UfKi =

B)

What happens to the "lost" energy?

Choose the correct answer

It has been transformed into thermal energy of the spores and surrounding air.
It has been transformed into thermal energy of the spores and potential energy of surrounding air.
It has been transformed into potential energy of the spores and kinetic energy of surrounding air.
It has been transformed into potential energy of the spores and surrounding air.
Physics
1 answer:
Keith_Richards [2.2K]14 days ago
8 0

Solution:

Em_{f} / Em₀ = 0.30

Explanation:

In this problem, we apply the connection between mechanical energy, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy.

      K = ½ m v²

      U = mgh

We assess the mechanical energy at two positions:

Initial. Lower

    Em₀ = K = ½ m v²

At its highest point

    Em_{f} = U = mg and

Now let's compute

    Em₀ = ½ m 3.6²

    Em₀ = m 6.48

    Em_{f} = m 9.8 × 0.2

    Em_{f} = m 1.96

Thus the energy lost is given by:

    Em_{f} / Em₀ = m 1.96 / m 6.48

   Em_{f} / Em₀ = 0.30

This means that 30% of the sun's energy is transformed into potential energy.

There are various conversion possibilities.

This energy changes into thermal energy affecting the spores and air, since it cannot be regained.

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A proton (mass = 1.67 10–27 kg, charge = 1.60 10–19 C) moves from point A to point B under the influence of an electrostatic for
serg [2593]

Answer:

20.353125 V

Explanation:

m = Mass of proton = 1.67\times 10^{-27}\ kg

q = Charge of proton = 1.6\times 10^{-19}\ C

v_A = Velocity of proton at point A = 50 km/s

v_B = Velocity of proton at point B = 80 km/s

The relationship derived from energy conservation is as follows:

\dfrac{1}{2}m(v_B^2-v_A^2)=q(V_B-V_A)\\\Rightarrow V_B-V_A=\dfrac{1}{2q}m(v_B^2-v_A^2)\\\Rightarrow V_B-V_A=\dfrac{1}{2\times 1.6\times 10^{-19}}\times 1.67\times 10^{-27}(80000^2-50000^2)\\\Rightarrow V_B-V_A=20.353125\ V

The determined potential difference is 20.353125 V

3 0
22 days ago
A friend tosses a baseball out of his second floor window with initial velocity of 4.3m/s(42degrees below the horizontal). The b
Keith_Richards [2256]
<span>Part b) Find your horizontal distance from the window (answer: 1.5 m)
Part c) Calculate the speed of the ball upon catching it (answer: 8.2 m/s)

I'm confused about what "42 degrees below the horizontal" means. Could someone provide guidance on how to approach this?</span>
7 0
20 days ago
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A baseball thrown at an angle of 60.0° above the horizontal strikes a building 16.0 m away at a point 8.00 m above the point fro
Ostrovityanka [2204]

Answer:

a) v_{o} =16m/s

b) v=9.8m/s

c) \beta =-35.46º

Explanation:

According to the problem, the distance from the building where the ball hits is 16m, and its final elevation exceeds the initial height by 8m.

With this information, we can compute the ball’s starting speed.

a) Let's first assess the horizontal trajectory.

x=v_{ox}t

x=v_{o}cos(60)t

v_{o}=\frac{x}{tcos(60)}=\frac{16m}{tcos(60)} (1)

This gives us our initial equation.

Next, we need to examine the vertical trajectory.

y=y_{o}+v_{oy}t+\frac{1}{2}gt^2

y_{o}+8=y_{o}+v_{o}sin(60)t-\frac{1}{2}(9.8)t^2

Utilizing v_{o} in our first equation (1)

8=\frac{16}{tcos(60)}sin(60)t-\frac{1}{2}(9.8)t^2

\frac{1}{2}(9.8)t^2=16tan(60)-8

Now let’s solve for t.

t=\sqrt{\frac{2(16tan(60)-8)}{9.8} } =2s

The ball takes two seconds to reach the adjacent building, allowing us to compute its initial speed.

v_{o}=\frac{16m}{(2s)cos(60)}=16m/s

b) To determine the velocity magnitude just before impact, we must calculate both x and y components.

v_{x}=v_{ox}+at=16cos(60)=8m/s

v_{y}=v_{oy}+gt=16sin(60)-(9.8)(2)=-5.7m/s

The computed velocity magnitude is:

v=\sqrt{v_{x}^{2}+v_{y}^{2}}=\sqrt{(8m/s)^2+(-5.7m/s)^2}=9.8m/s

c) The ball's angle is:

\beta=tan^{-1}(\frac{v_{y} }{v_{x}})=tan^{-1}(\frac{-5.7}{8})=-35.46º

4 0
1 month ago
Albert presses a book against a wall with his hand. As Albert gets tired, he exerts less force, but the book remains in the same
Maru [2355]

Answer:

the maximum static friction force of the wall acting on the book (Increasing)

the normal force of the wall acting on the book (Decreasing)

the weight of the book (Constant)

Explanation:

According to Newton's third law of motion:

"Every action has an equal and opposite reaction"

In the scenario provided, Albert is pressing the book against the wall and subsequently decreases the force applied against the wall.

Let's evaluate all forces influencing the book in this situation.

1. Weight of the book acting downwards (y-axis)

2. Friction from the book against the wall acting upwards (y-axis)

3. Albert’s force exerted on the book against the wall (x-axis)

4. Normal force of the wall reacting to Albert’s applied force (x-axis)

As Albert eases off his force, the new scenario reads:

1. The weight remains constant as represented by W = mg

Since neither mass nor gravitational acceleration has changed, the weight exerted on the book remains the same.

2. As Albert reduces his force, the wall’s normal reaction force decreases correspondingly, following Newton's third law of motion.

3. Friction operates in response to the force applied to it. With a box resting on the floor, no friction acts upon it until it is dragged, at which point friction begins to manifest and rise until it reaches its maximum. Therefore, when Albert diminishes his force, the weight's pull will influence the book and the maximum static friction will rise to resist the book’s downward movement.

It should be noted that the maximum static friction is working to prevent movement of the book. With Albert's force reduced, but the weight of the book unchanged, maximum static friction increases to prevent downward movement.

7 0
29 days ago
The muzzle velocity of a gun is the velocity of the bullet when it leaves the barrel. The muzzle velocity of one rifle with a sh
Keith_Richards [2256]

Answer: small barrel gun

Explanation:

It is noted that short barrel guns have a higher muzzle velocity for bullets compared to longer barrel guns.

Acceleration is determined by the change in velocity with respect to time.

a=\dfrac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}

For short barrel guns, the bullet reaches its muzzle velocity more quickly, leading to greater acceleration than that of bullets from long barrel guns.

7 0
1 month ago
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