Response: Option A) The lattice energy rises as cations become smaller, as demonstrated by LiF and KF.
Clarification: It has been observed that the lattice energy is largely determined by two primary factors regarding ionic solids:
i) The ionic charges - An increase in the charge of the ions corresponds to an increase in lattice energy.
and
ii) The size or radius of the ions - As the ionic size grows, the lattice energy diminishes accordingly.
Therefore, in this context, the latter factor is evident. Thus, it can be concluded that as cation sizes decrease among ionic solids, the lattice energy increases.
Among the listed options, the one indicating a chemical property is B. Water does not ignite, whereas gasoline is capable of burning. This distinction arises because both combustion and flammability are categorized as chemical properties.
Answer:
Can you rank the following chemical substances in order of their absolute entropies (So) from lowest (1) to highest (5) at a temperature of 298 K?
a. Al (s)
b. H2O (l)
c. HCN (g)
d. CH3COOH (l)
e. C2H6 (g)
Explanation:
Entropy quantifies the level of disorder within a system.
In solids, the entropy is significantly lower compared to liquids and gases.
The typical order of entropy is:
solids < liquids < gases
In the substances listed, liquid water notably exhibits strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
This results in water having comparatively lower entropy.
Next in line is acetic acid.
Among the gaseous components, ethane has higher entropy than HCN due to its weaker intermolecular interactions.
HCN involves some hydrogen bonding.
Thus, the order of entropy is:
Al(s) < CH3COOH (l) < H2O(l) < HCN(g) < C2H6(g)
Answer:
HCl and CaCl2
Explanation:
Calcium hydroxide acts as a base, thus requiring an acid for neutralization.
HCl functions as an acid, which can neutralize calcium hydroxide when they react together.
The resulting salt will be calcium chloride (CaCl2).
The interaction between calcium hydroxide and HCl yields Ca(OH)Cl and CaCl2.
Here, Ca(OH)Cl exists as a solution and calcium chloride serves as a base.
I hope this response assists you.
