The slow rate of a particular chemical reaction might be attributed to which of the following?

The L- isomer serves as the enantiomer of the D- isomer, and given that the optical rotation of the D- isomer is + 13.5°, the L- isomer's optical rotation will have the same magnitude but an opposite sign, resulting in -13.5°.

Thus, the rotation of the racemic mixture will be equal to 0°.

- This occurs because a racemic mixture contains equal proportions of both enantiomers.

Answer:

Unfavorable reactions include Reaction A and Reaction B.

Favorable coupled reactions: Reactions B with C and Reactions A with C.

Net energy change:

For Reactions B and C: -14.2 kJ/mol

For Reactions A and B: 30.1 kJ/mol

For Reactions A and C: -16.7 kJ/mol

Explanation:

A reaction is considered thermodynamically favorable (or spontaneous) if ΔG is less than 0. Thus, the unfavorable reactions where -ΔG is greater than 0 are:

Reaction A and Reaction B.

In coupling Reaction C with Reaction B and Reaction A, the following equation is obtained:

ATP + fructose-1,6-phosphate ⟶ ADP + fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

ΔG equals 16.3 minus 30.5, resulting in -14.2 kJ/mol.

For the reaction ATP + glucose ⟶ ADP + glucose-6-phosphate, ΔG equals 13.8 minus 30.5, yielding -16.7 kJ/mol.

Overall, the coupled reaction of A and B results in a change of free energy of:

ΔG = 13.8 plus 16.3, which equals 30.1 kJ/mol.

Hello!

To find [H₃O⁺], we will employ the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, as this involves an acid and its conjugate base:





Next, we derive [H₃O⁺] using the definition of pH:





Hence, the concentration of [H₃O⁺] comes out to be 0.00014 M

Wishing you a good day!