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svet-max
6 days ago
12

Assuming complete dissociation of the solute, how many grams of KNO3 must be added to 275 mL of water to produce a solution that

freezes at −14.5 ∘C? The freezing point for pure water is 0.0 ∘C and Kf is equal to 1.86 ∘C/m .
Chemistry
1 answer:
KiRa [971]6 days ago
4 0

Answer: The required mass of KNO₃ is, 1.08\times 10^2g

Explanation: Provided,

Molal-freezing-point-depression constant (K_f) for water = 1.86^oC/m

Amount of water = 275 mL

Molar mass of KNO₃ = 101.1 g/mole

First, we need to determine the mass of the water.

\text{Mass of water}=\text{Density of water}\times \text{Volume of water}

Density of water = 1.00 g/mL

\text{Mass of water}=1.00g/mL\times 275mL=275g=0.275kg

Next, we will figure out the mass of KNO₃

Formula utilized:

\Delta T_f=i\times K_f\times m\\\\T^o-T_s=i\times K_f\times\frac{\text{Mass of }KNO_3}{\text{Molar mass of }KNO_3\times \text{Mass of water in Kg}}

where,

\Delta T_f = change in freezing point

\Delta T_s = freezing point of solution = -14.5^oC

\Delta T^o = freezing point of water = 0.0^oC

i = Van't Hoff factor = 2  (for KNO₃ electrolyte)

K_f = freezing point constant for water = 1.86^oC/m

m = molality

Substituting all known values into this equation yields

0.0^oC-(-14.5^oC)=2\times (1.86^oC/m)\times \frac{\text{Mass of }KNO_3}{101.1g/mol\times 0.275kg}

\text{Mass of }KNO_3=108.369g=1.08\times 10^2g

Consequently, the mass of KNO₃ that must be added is, 1.08\times 10^2g

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A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/ cm3. what is the mass of 30.5 ml of this liquid? (
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6 days ago
A 20.0–milliliter sample of 0.200–molar K2CO3 so­lution is added to 30.0 milliliters of 0.400–mo­lar Ba(NO3)2 solution. Barium c
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Respuesta:

0.16 M

Explicación:

Teniendo en cuenta:

Molarity=\frac{Moles\ of\ solute}{Volume\ of\ the\ solution}

O sea,

Moles =Molarity \times {Volume\ of\ the\ solution}

Dado que:

Para K_2CO_3 :

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Volumen = 20.0 mL

Convierte mL a L:

1 mL = 10⁻³ L

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Volumen = 30.0 mL

Convertimos mL a L:

1 mL = 10⁻³ L

Volumen = 30.0×10⁻³ L

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Moles de Ba(NO_3)_2 = 0.012 moles

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Ba(NO_3)_2 + K_2CO_3\rightarrow BaCO_3 + 2KNO_3

1 mol de Ba(NO_3)_2 reacciona con 1 mol de K_2CO_3

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0.012 mol de Ba(NO_3)_2 reacciona con 0.012 mol de K_2CO_3

Moles disponibles de K_2CO_3 = 0.004 mol

El reactivo limitante es el que está en menor cantidad, entonces K_2CO_3 es el limitante (0.004 < 0.012).

La formación del producto depende del reactivo limitante, así que,

1 mol de K_2CO_3 reacciona con 1 mol de Ba(NO_3)_2 y produce 1 mol de BaCO_3

0.004 mol de K_2CO_3 reacciona con 0.004 mol de Ba(NO_3)_2 y genera 0.004 mol de BaCO_3

Los moles restantes de Ba(NO_3)_2 son: 0.012 - 0.004 = 0.008 mol

El volumen total es 20 + 30 mL = 50 mL = 0.050 L

Por lo que la concentración del ion bario, Ba^{2+}, después de la reacción es:

Molarity=\frac{0.008}{0.050}\ M = 0.16\ M

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