An atom that contains four electrons in its valence shell is capable of forming multiple types of bonds: single bonds, as an atom fitting this description can create four single bonds or a mix of single, double, and triple bonds. Take for instance alkanes, where this atom could form one double bond along with two single bonds, or conversely, two double bonds, which is seen in alkenes. For triple bonds, this atom could make one triple bond and a single bond, as seen in alkynes.
Based on the equation:
ΔG = ΔH - TΔS = 0
It follows that ΔS = ΔH/T
So, ΔS = n*ΔHVap / Tvap
- where n represents the number of moles calculated as mass/molar mass
For a mass of 24.1 g
and a molar mass of 187.3764 g/mol
substituting gives:
∴ n = 24.1 / 187.3764g/mol
= 0.129 moles
The molar enthalpy of vaporization, ΔHvap, is 27.49 kJ/mol
The temperature in Kelvin, Tvap = 47.6 + 273 = 320.6 K
After substitution, we compute ΔS, the change in entropy:
∴ΔS = 0.129 mol * 27490 J/mol / 320.6 K
= 11 J/K
